摘要
大数据时代,对教育政务数据的适度、有序开放共享,已成为推进国家教育治理体系与治理能力现代化的重要举措。当前我国教育政务数据开放共享整体上仍处于起步阶段,缺乏系统、有效的监管,是制约其快速发展的重要因素。教育政务数据开放共享受到教育系统内外部因素的影响以及相关技术手段的限制,其监管过程涉及政府、企业、学校、师生及社会公众等多个主体。基于TOE和多中心治理理论构建的多元主体协同、全生命周期覆盖的教育政务数据开放共享监管框架,利用数据采集、存储与分析,智能识别与监察,精准定位与跟踪,分布式存储及行为预测,数据溯源等核心技术,通过教育法制监督、教育行政监管、校际合作督察、社会公众监督、智能电子监察等监管方式,对教育政务数据开放共享的标准、质量、隐私与安全、行为等进行事前、事中、事后的全方位监管。其监管结果可通过数据可视化、监管沙盒、数据开放图谱等方式,应用于开放行为规范、数据监测与报送、违法行为追踪、绩效考核评定、行政管理与服务等场景。未来,对教育政务数据开放共享的监管还需做好风险防控和效果评估,解决伴随监管技术所产生的伦理问题。
In the era of big data,the appropriate and orderly openness and sharing of educational government data have become an important measure to promote the modernization of the national educational governance system and governance capacity.At present,the opening and sharing of educational government data in China are still in their infancy as a whole,and the lack of systematic and effective supervision is an important factor restricting its rapid development.Since the opening and sharing of educational government data are affected by the internal and external factors of the educational system and the limitations of relevant technical means,its supervision process involves many subjects such as governments,enterprises,schools,teachers and students and the public.Based on the theory of TOE and Polycentric Governance,the supervision framework of the opening and sharing of educational government data with multi-agent collaboration and full life cycle coverage uses core technologies such as data collection,storage and analysis,intelligent identification and monitoring,accurate positioning and tracking,distributed storage and behavior prediction,and data traceability,through educational legal supervision,educational administrative supervision,inter-school cooperation supervision,social public supervision,and intelligent electronic supervision to conduct all-round supervision for the open standards,open quality,privacy and security,open utilization and other contents of educational government data in advance,during and after the event.The supervision results can be applied to open behavior norms,data monitoring and submission,illegal behavior tracking,performance evaluation,administrative management and services through data visualization,supervision sandbox,data opening atlas and other methods.In the future,the supervision for the openness and sharing of educational government data also needs to do a good job in risk control and effectiveness assessment to solve the ethical problems caused by supervision technology.
作者
王娟
杨现民
高振
王书瑶
WANG Juan;YANG Xianmin;GAO Zhen;WANG Shuyao
出处
《现代远程教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第3期67-75,共9页
Modern Distance Education Research
基金
江苏省社会科学基金一般项目“教育政务数据的开放共享机制设计与风险防控研究”(19JYB003)
江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目“人工智能视域下在线教育治理机制与路径研究”(2021SJZDA161)。
关键词
大数据
教育政务数据
数据开放共享
监管框架
监管机制
Big Data
Educational Government Data
Data Openness and Sharing
Supervision Framework
Supervision Mechanism
