摘要
为探究城市空气污染对空气中微生物活性水平的影响,于2019年12月至2020年1月在西安市3个空气污染时间段连续采集PM_(2.5)样品,并采用荧光素二乙酸酯(FDA)水解法对其上的微生物进行活性测定,以进一步考察气象因素和水溶性无机离子对微生物活性的影响。结果表明,空气污染过程PM_(2.5)中微生物活性水平比非污染过程高,降雪会使微生物活性水平整体变低。相关性分析显示西安市采样期间微生物活性与温度呈显著正相关关系,与相对湿度和风速均呈显著负相关关系,还与Ca^(2+)、F^(-1)和Cl^(-1)的质量浓度均呈显著正相关关系。研究不仅为认识重污染天气微生物活性水平的变化规律提供了基础数据,也为全面了解微生物气溶胶的污染特性提供了一定的依据。
Microbial activity level is an important indicator of the ecosystem and human health.To explore the influence of the urban air pollution process on microbial activity levels in the air,the samples of atmospheric fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))were collected continuously in three air pollution periods in Xi’an from December 2019 to January 2020.A fluorescein diacetate(FDA)hydrolysis method was used to determine the microbial activity level of PM_(2.5).The effects of meteorological factors and water-soluble inorganic ions on microbial activities were also examined.During the sampling period,the mean value of microbial activity in PM_(2.5)was 9.98 ng/m^(3)in the air polluted period(PM_(2.5)concentration>75μg/m^(3)),and 9.19 ng/m^(3)in the non-polluted period.The results show that the microbial activity level of PM_(2.5)in the air pollution process is higher than that in the non-pollution process.The overall microbial activity level of PM_(2.5)decreases on snowy days.Correlation analysis shows that the microbial activity is significantly correlated with temperature(r=0.5,n=40,p<0.01),relative humidity(r=-0.31,n=40,p<0.05)and wind speed(r=-0.58,n=40,p<0.05)are significantly negatively correlated with microbial activity in Xi’an.NO_(3)^(-1)and SO_(4)^(2-)are two main water-soluble inorganic ions in PM_(2.5).In the heavy air pollution process,the concentration of most inorganic ions in PM_(2.5)increases.Snowfall makes the concentration of NO_(3)^(-1),SO_(4)^(2-),K^(+)and NH_(4)^(+)decrease.The results show that the snowfall has a scouring effect on most inorganic ions,and then the concentration of inorganic ions decreases.And the microbial activity is significantly correlated with Ca^(2+)(r=0.4,n=40,p<0.01)、F^(-1)(r=0.39,n=40,p<0.05)and Cl^(-1)(r=0.37,n=40,p<0.05).Different geographical locations and sampling methods in different areas also affect the activity level of microorganisms in the air.This study not only provides basic data for understanding the variation of microbial activity level in heavy pollution
作者
李彦鹏
曾雪琳
杜胜利
LI Yan-peng;ZENG Xue-lin;DU Sheng-li(School of Water and Environment,Chang’an University,Xi'an 710054,China;Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecology in Arid Areas,Ministry of Education,Xi'an 710054,China)
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期1094-1100,共7页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家重点研发计划重点专项(2017YFC0212206)。
关键词
环境工程学
PM_(2.5)微生物活性
空气污染
西安
environmental engineering
fine particulate matter(P_(M2.5))
microbial activity
air pollution
Xi’an
