摘要
法律行为效力类型的划分标准包括实体和程序两个层面。就实体标准而言,可以把法律行为产生的利益影响分为两类,一类是正面的利益效果,一类是负面的利益效果。据此,可将法律行为的效力形态划分为有效和效力瑕疵。效力存在瑕疵的法律行为,可进一步区分为无效和可撤销。就程序层面而论,依据法律行为是否满足法律或当事人对法律行为效力设置的特别限制条件,可将法律行为效力区分为生效、未生效和不生效,此类法律行为即附条件和附期限的法律行为。应将“条件”和“期限”扩充解释为“法定或当事人约定的条件或期限”,并将“法律、行政法规规定应当办理批准、登记等手续才生效的法律行为”和“不构成表见代理的无权代理人实施的法律行为”纳入附条件法律行为中,以及将遗嘱行为纳入附期限法律行为中。
The criteria for classifying the types of legal acts effects include both substantive and procedural levels.As far as the substantive criterion is concerned,the effect of interests produced by legal acts can be divided into two categories,positive interest effects and negative interest effects.Accordingly,the form of effectiveness of legal acts can be divided into valid and defective effectiveness.Effectiveness defects are also characterized as illegal legal acts,which can be further distinguished as invalid and revocable depending on their degree of illegality.On the procedural level,the validity of legal acts can be distinguished as effective,ineffective and inoperative,depending on whether the legal act satisfies the law and special restrictions set by law.These legal acts are clarified with conditions and duration.The“conditions”and“duration”should be expanded to statutory or party-agreed conditions or duration.The legal acts that should be approved or registered before they take effect and legal acts performed by an unauthorized agent who does not constitute an apparent agent should be included in the legal acts with conditions,while the legal acts of wills should be included in the legal acts with duration.
作者
杨善长
Yang Shan-chang(Nanjing Audit University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 211815,China)
出处
《四川民族学院学报》
2022年第2期71-77,共7页
Journal of Sichuan Minzu College
基金
江苏省社会科学基金项目“民事法律行为效力体系研究”(17FXC003)。
关键词
法律行为
效力类型
私法自治
legal acts
types of effects
private law autonomy
