摘要
随着城市化及工业化的快速发展,土壤中重金属污染已成为最常见的环境问题,其对环境及人体健康造成了极大威胁。针对土壤重金属污染问题,污染和风险评价方法越来越成熟和完善,将常用的几种评价土壤重金属污染风险的指数评价方法:单因子指数法、内梅罗污染综合指数法、地积累指数法、污染负荷指数法和潜在生态风险指数法以及健康风险评价法分别进行了分析和整理,根据不同研究学者的相关论述总结不同方法的局限性及其共同性。结合几种方法优缺点发现:对于研究区域尽量结合不同方法进行分析才能更准确地反映出污染状况;将人体健康与风险评价结合,可分析重金属是否对人体造成危害,能更好地对风险因子采取防控措施。
With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization,heavy metal pollution in soil has become the most common environmental problem,which poses a great threat to the environment and human health.Aiming at the problem of soil heavy metal pollution,the pollution and risk assessment methods are becoming more and more mature and perfect.In this paper,several commonly used index assessment methods for evaluating the risk of soil heavy metal pollution are introduced to analyze and sort out respectively including single factor index method,Nemero pollution comprehensive index method,land accumulation index method,pollution load index method,potential ecological risk index method and health risk assessment method.The limitations and commonalities of different methods are summarized according to the relevant discussions of different researchers.Combined with the advantages and disadvantages of several methods,it is found that the pollution situation can be more accurately reflected by combining different methods for the study area.The combination of human health and risk assessment can be used to analyze whether heavy metals do harm to human body,and can better take prevention and control measures for risk factors.
作者
张娜
崔娇梅
孙晶
高海涛
李伟
Zhang Na;Cui Jiaomei;Sun Jing;Gao Haitao;Li Wei(College of Science,Tibet University,Lhasa,Tibet 850000,China)
出处
《绿色科技》
2022年第8期151-155,共5页
Journal of Green Science and Technology
关键词
重金属污染
污染评价
风险评价
健康风险评价
heavy metal pollution
pollution assessment
risk assessment
health risk assessment
