摘要
为掌握轻型汽油车NH_(3)排放实际状况,以一辆配备三元催化转化器(three-way catalytic converter,TWC)的国Ⅵ轻型汽油车为研究对象,分别在全球轻型汽车驾驶工况(worldwide light-duty test cycle,WLTC)、中国轻型汽车行驶工况(China light-duty vehicle test cycle,CLTC)和美国联邦测试规程(federal test procedure,FTP-75)下进行NH_(3)排放测试,分析WLTC工况下的瞬时NH_(3)排放特征,以及不同环境温度(-7、0、23、35℃)对NH_(3)排放的影响,并对比3种测试工况下的NH_(3)排放因子.结果表明:①在WLTC工况下,车辆冷起动前50 s未检测到NH_(3),NH_(3)排放主要集中在低速段和中速段(前900 s),在高速段和超高速段,仅有极少量的NH_(3)生成.轻型汽油车在低速(v<40 km/h)的加速区间内,NH_(3)排放量较高.②随着环境温度的升高,NH_(3)排放因子呈下降趋势,35℃时略微有所上升.其中,-7℃下低速段的NH_(3)排放因子分别是0、23和35℃下的1.4~2.2倍;在WLTC工况下,各种测试环境温度下车辆的NH_(3)排放因子均表现为低速段>中速段>高速段>超高速段;在3种工况下,轻型汽油车的NH_(3)排放因子差异较大.其中,测试车辆在WLTC工况下的排放因子最小.研究显示,在低温(-7℃)环境下轻型汽油车NH_(3)的排放量相对较高.
In order to understand the current status of NH_(3) emissions from light-duty gasoline vehicles,NH_(3) emissions from a China 6 light-duty gasoline vehicle equipped with a three-way catalytic converter(TWC)were tested under three test cycles,respectively,including worldwide light-duty test cycle(WLTC),China light-duty vehicle test cycle(CLTC),and federal test procedure(FTP-75)operating cycles.Instantaneous NH_(3) emission characteristics and the impact of different ambient temperatures(-7,0,23,35℃)to NH_(3) emissions under WLTC cycle were analyzed,moreover,the NH_(3) emission factors under three test cycles were also compared.The results showed that no NH_(3) emission was observed during the first 50 s of the cold start under WLTC cycle.NH_(3) emissions were concentrated primarily in the low speed and medium speed phase(first 900 s),while few NH_(3) emissions occurred in the high speed and ultra-high speed phase.Light-duty gasoline vehicle emitted more NH_(3) in the acceleration range at low speeds(v<40 km/h).The NH_(3) emission factors decreased with the increasing ambient temperature,but increased at 35℃ slightly.The NH_(3) emission factor of low-speed phase at -7℃ was 1.4 to 2.2 times greater than at 0,23 and 35℃.Under WLTC cycle,the NH_(3) emission factors of the vehicle at various test ambient temperatures were in the order of low speed phase>medium speed phase>high speed phase>ultra-high speed phase.The NH_(3) emission factors of the light-duty gasoline vehicle differed significantly under the three cycles,and the WLTC cycle showed the smallest emission factor.The results indicated that NH_(3) emissions from light-duty gasoline vehicle were relatively high at low temperatures(-7℃).
作者
吉江林
赵海光
郑丰
尹航
丁焰
何超
JI Jianglin;ZHAO Haiguang;ZHENG Feng;YIN hang;DING Yan;HE Chao(School of Mechanical and Traffic Engineering,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;Key Lab of Vehicle Emission and Safety on Plateau Mountain,Yunnan Provincial Department of Education,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Vehicle Emission Control Center,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)
出处
《环境科学研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期1176-1182,共7页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.51968065)
中央财政科技计划结余经费(No.2021-JY-22)
云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(No.2021Y221)。
关键词
轻型汽油车
三元催化转化器
NH_(3)排放因子
环境温度
测试工况
light-duty gasoline vehicle
three-way catalytic converter
NH_(3) emission factor
ambient temperature
test cycles
