摘要
城市湖泊对于缓解调节城市热岛效应具有重要意义,目前湖滨建筑空间形态对城市湖泊的降温潜力影响作用仍不明晰。以长沙市梅溪湖及周边区域为研究对象,采用实测与CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)数值模拟相结合的方式验证了湖泊的热缓释效应规律,重点探讨了建筑后退湖岸距离、环湖建筑围合程度、临湖建筑高度对高密度建成区湖泊热缓释效应的影响。结果表明:(1)研究所用CFD计算模型对再现高密度建成区湖泊缓释效应的强度和影响范围具有较强的拟合优度,可以有效地作为湖泊水体降温潜力的评价工具,梅溪湖对其下风向550 m范围内的热缓释作用显著。(2)优化湖滨建筑空间形态对于湖泊下风向区域的热缓释作用影响最为明显,最大降温幅度达1.86℃,对湖泊下风向的最大缓释距离可达622 m范围内。(3)不同湖滨建筑空间形态下的湖泊热缓释效能存在差异,其中降低建筑高度和缩小环湖建筑围合程度对湖泊热缓释的积极影响强于增大建筑后退湖岸距离。结论能够加深对城市湖泊水体热缓释效应的认识,有助于规划设计者从整体热环境感知的角度规划建设城市湖滨空间,使得城市湖泊水体的生态效益得到最大优化。
Urban lakes play an important role in mitigating and regulating the urban heat island effect.At present,the effect of lakeside architecture spatial form on the cooling potential of urban lakes is still unclear.The area considered in this study was the Meixi Lake,located in Changsha downtown.This paper verified the spatial law of the thermal slow-release effect of the lake by combining field measurement and Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)scenario simulation.The influence of the distance between the receded lakeshore,the enclosure degree of the buildings surrounding the lake,and the height of the buildings adjacent to the lake on the thermal slow-release effect of the lake in the high-density built-up area were discussed.The results showed that:(1)The CFD model used in this study had a good degree of fit for the reconstruction of the intensity and influence range of the slow-release effect of lakes in high-density built-up areas,which could be used as an effective tool to evaluate the cooling potential of lakes.The simulation results showed that the slow-release effect of Meixi Lake existed in the range of 550 m downwind.(2)Optimizing the spatial form of lakeside buildings had the most obvious effect on the thermal sustained-release in the downwind area of the lake,with the maximum cooling range reaching 1.86℃and the maximum sustained-release distance to the downwind area of the lake reaching 622 m.(3)The thermal release efficiency of lakes varied with the spatial forms of lakeside buildings.The positive effects of reducing building height and reducing the degree of surrounding buildings on the thermal release of lakes were stronger than those of increasing the distance between buildings to the recedes lakeside.This conclusion can deepen the understanding of the thermal slow-release effect of urban lake water body,and help urban planners to plan and construct urban lakeside space from the perspective of overall thermal environment perception,so as to maximize the ecological benefits of urban lake water body.
作者
梁胜
陈存友
胡希军
张伟
刘路云
LIANG Sheng;CHEN Cunyou;HU Xijun;ZHANG Wei;LIU Luyun(College of Landscape Architecture,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Hunan Big Data Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Protected Areas Landscape Resources,Changsha 410004,China;Institute of Urban and Rural Landscape Ecology,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Foshan Construction Investment Land Company Limited,Foshan 528000,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第9期3759-3770,共12页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
湖南省自然科学基金(2019JJ50990)
国家自然科学基金项目(31901363)
湖南省“双一流”培育学科(湘教通〔2018〕469号)
中南林业科技大学研究生科技创新基金项目(CX20192007)。
关键词
高密度建成区
湖滨建筑
湖泊热缓释
CFD情景模拟
长沙梅溪湖
high-density urban built-up area
lakeside buildings
lake thermal release
CFD scenario simulation
Changsha Meixi Lake
