摘要
为深入了解拉萨河流域亏祖山不同海拔梯度秋季土壤纤毛虫优势种生态位及其与环境因子的关系,于2015年10月在亏祖山共设置11个样点,用土壤采样器采用梅花五点式采集土样,同时记录相应的理化因子,土样在实验室自然风干后,采用“非淹没培养法”和“活体观察法”进行培养和形态学鉴定。亏祖山11个样点中,共鉴定到土壤纤毛虫132种,隶属3纲14目48科66属,其中14个优势种(Y>0.02)。土壤纤毛虫优势种生态位宽度最大的是明显长颈虫(Dileptus conspicuus),生态位宽度最小的是卵圆前管虫(Prorodon ovum)和似肾形虫(Colpoda simulans)。土壤纤毛虫优势种生态位重叠值位于0.02—0.99之间,生态位重叠值最低的为似肾形虫(Colpoda simulans)和卵圆前管虫(Prorodon ovum),而生态位重叠值最高的为念珠角毛虫(Keronopsis monilata)和膨胀肾形虫(Colpoda inflata)。亏祖山14个优势种生态响应速率之和为负值,表明土壤纤毛虫优势种处于衰退阶段。土壤纤毛虫优势种与环境因子的典范对应分析(CCA)结果显示,轴1和轴2累计解释物种变异的37.8%,表明轴1和轴2能较好地反映优势种与环境因子的关系;总氮是显著解释变量,对优势种变异的解释率为17.6%。综上分析得出,明显长颈虫(Dileptus conspicuus)、点滴半眉虫(Hemiophrys pectinata)和前口瞬目虫(Glaucoma frontata)对土壤环境适应能力较强,具有广泛的生态适应幅度;土壤纤毛虫优势种生态位重叠值低,种间竞争比较弱;土壤纤毛虫优势种之间以及优势种和环境之间尚未达到相对的动态平衡,优势种正处衰退阶段;总氮是影响拉萨河流域土壤纤毛虫优势种分布和生态位的主要环境因子。
In order to understand the niche of dominant species of soil ciliates and its relationship with environmental factors at different altitudinal gradients on Kuizu Mountain,Bailang Village,Linzhou County in the Lhasa River Basin in autumn,a total of 11 sample sites were set on Kuizu Mountain in October 2015.Five-point pattern of plum blossom was adopted to collect soil samples with soil sampler,while the corresponding physical and chemical factors were recorded.Soil samples were brought to the laboratory for natural drying.Non-flooded petri dish method and in vivo observation were used for culture and morphological identification.A total of 132 species of soil ciliates were identified,belonging to 66 genera,48 families,14 orders,and 3 classes in the 11 sample points on Kuizu Mountain.There were 14 dominant species(Y>0.02),among which the absolutely dominant species(Y>0.1)were Glaucoma Scintillans and Litonotus carinatus.The largest niche width of the dominant soil ciliate species was Dileptus conspicuous.The smallest niche widths were Prorodon ovum and Colpoda simulans.The niche overlap of dominant species of soil ciliates ranged from 0.02 to 0.99.Colpoda simulans and Prorodon ovum had the lowest niche overlap,but Keronopsis monilata and Colpoda inflata had the highest niche overlap.The sum of the ecological response rates of the 14 dominant species was negative,indicating that the dominant species of soil ciliates were in a declining stage on Kuizu Mountain.The Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)of dominant species and environmental factors of soil ciliates showed that,Axis 1 and 2 accounted for 37.8%of species variation,indicating that Axis 1 and Axis 2 could better reflect the relationship between dominant species and environmental factors,total nitrogen was a significant explanatory variable,the explanatory rate of dominant species variation was 17.6%.In conclusion,Dileptus conspicuus,Hemiophrys pectinata and Glaucoma frontata had strong adaptability to the soil environment and had a wide range of ecological
作者
王壮壮
朱时应
张秋涵
何梦萨
普布
WANG Zhuangzhuang;ZHU Shiying;ZHANG Qiuhan;HE Mengsa;PU Bu(Plateau Zoology Laboratory,Department of Life Sciences,Faculty of Science,Tibet University,Lasa 850000,China)
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第9期3494-3503,共10页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YEC0502004)
“一江四河”流域生物多样性调研与维持机制评价综合科学考察项目(藏财科教指【2021】1号和藏财教指【2019】01号)。
关键词
亏祖山
土壤纤毛虫
生态宽度
生态位重叠值
环境因子
Kuizu Mountain
soil ciliates
niche width
niche overlap value
environmental factors
