摘要
【目的】研究工业区和生活区四季大气细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))中所含成分及浓度,为控制工业污染、治理大气环境的策略制定提供科学依据。【方法】以上海汽车产业为主的工业区和相对洁净的生活区为采样点,选取四季中旬,连续7 d在两区同步进行样品采集,而后对大气PM_(2.5)的成分及浓度进行分析,用潜在生态风险指数法评估PM_(2.5)中重金属的潜在生态风险。【结果】PM_(2.5)浓度与季节改变相关:生活区PM_(2.5)质量浓度冬季最高,春季次之,夏季最低;工业区PM_(2.5)质量浓度春季最高,冬季次之,夏季最低。PM_(2.5)中重金属成分相同,均含有铝(Al)、铬(Cr)、锰(Mn)、镍(Ni)、砷(As)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)和铅(Pb)。工业区PM_(2.5)中重金属Cr、Cd和Pb含量明显高于生活区。工业区PM_(2.5)中的重金属Cd潜在生态危害系数为最高,达到189.47,且为重金属总潜在生态危害指数的主要组成部分。工业区重金属Cd随着季节变化对生态危害程度有所不同,根据重金属总潜在生态风险等级划分,冬季为很强,春季和秋季为强,夏季为轻微。【结论】工业区PM_(2.5)中重金属Cr、Cd和Pb含量明显高于生活区,PM_(2.5)重金属含量浓度主要与季节、工业生产和人为因素有关。PM_(2.5)重金属Cd潜在生态危害系数相对于重金属Cr、Hg、Pb等为最高,且是重金属总潜在生态危害指数的主要组成部分。
[Objective]To study the composition and concentration of atmospheric particulate pollutants in four seasons in the industrial and clean living areas,and to provide a scientific basis for the strategy of controlling industrial pollution and atmospheric environment.[Methods]An industrial area dominated by the automobile industry in Shanghai and a relatively clean living area were selected.Samples were collected simultaneously in both areas and continuously for 7 days in the middle of each season.The composition and concentration of PM_(2.5)were determined,and the ecological risk of heavy metals in PM_(2.5)was evaluated by the potential ecological risk index method.[Results]We found PM_(2.5)concentration was associated with seasonal changes.The PM_(2.5)concentration in living areas was the highest in winter,followed by spring,and the lowest in summer.The PM_(2.5)concentration in industrial areas was the highest in spring,followed by winter,and the lowest in summer.The heavy metals in PM_(2.5)were the same,including Al,Cr,Mn,Ni,As,Cd,Hg and Pb.The content of Cr,Cd and Pb in PM_(2.5)in the industrial area is significantly higher than that in the living area.The potential ecological hazard coefficient of PM_(2.5)heavy metal Cd in the industrial zone was the highest,up to 189.47,and it was the main component of the total potential ecological hazard index of heavy metals.According to the total potential risk grade of heavy metals,the heavy metal Cd in the industrial area had different degrees of ecological harm with seasonal changes.The ecological harm degree of heavy metal Cd was the highest in winter,high in spring and autumn,and low in summer.[Conclusion]Although the concentration of PM_(2.5)in the industrial area is not higher than that in the living area,the content of Cr,Cd and Pb in the PM_(2.5)in the industrial area is significantly higher than that in the living area.The concentration of PM_(2.5)in the industrial area is mainly related to seasons,industrial production and human factors.The potential ecological h
作者
金媛媛
张晓梅
陈鸿
赵慧君
鲁翼雯
沈悦恬
匡兴亚
JIN Yuanyuan;ZHANG Xiaomei;CHEN Hong;ZHAO Huijun;LU Yiwen;SHEN Yuetian;KUANG Xingya(Shangyu Branch,Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 312300,China;Baoshan Branch of Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200444,China;Department of Occupational Diseases,Yangpu Hospital affiliated to Tongji University,Shanghai 200090,China)
出处
《上海预防医学》
CAS
2022年第3期252-255,共4页
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFC02116)。
