摘要
北京民族文化宫图书馆存有一封大乘法王贡噶扎西向萨迦寺僧众转述明成祖赐大乘法王诏书的书信手稿,汉文史料未见记载。文章在既往研究基础上,通过校勘、翻译和考证手稿内容,提出并研究了三个问题。第一,关于明成祖与大乘法王的关系。明成祖对大乘法王非常认可和重视,大乘法王和萨迦寺僧众对明成祖的统治也给予高度认同,双方的认可与认同有着深厚的历史渊源,直接上溯到元朝,体现了明朝在治藏策略上对元朝的承继和超越。第二,关于明成祖是否信奉藏传佛教。大乘法王认知下的明成祖信奉和修行藏传佛教,这与汉文史料记载相左,这背后的原因非常复杂。第三,关于收回萨迦大殿。该手稿披露了大乘法王向明成祖请求收回萨迦大殿,以及收回后如何管理萨迦大殿等关键历史信息,表明了大乘法王对收回萨迦大殿作出的艰辛努力,体现了明中央政府对西藏地方的高度重视和有效治理。
There is a letter which is the imperial edict conferred to "Precious Religious King" GungaTashi(kundgav-bkra-shis)by Emperor Yongle of the Ming dynasty in the library ofthe Culture Palace of Nationalities in Beijing. It is not recorded in Chinese historical materials. On the basis of previous research, and after the collation, translation and textual research of the content of the letter, theauthor raised three questionsand studies them. The first question is how is the relationship between Emperor Yongle and "Precious Religious King?" Emperor Yongle approved and treasured "Precious Religious King" very much, in return and the King and the monks of the Sakya monastery advocated the rule of Emperor Yongleduring the Ming Dynasty. The relationshipcan be traced back to the Yuan Dynasty, and it reflects the Ming Dynasty inherited and surpassed the Yuan Dynasty in the strategy of governing Tibet. The second question is " wasEmperor Yonglea Tibetan Buddhism believer?". "Precious Religious King" thought thatEmperor Yongle believed in and practiced the Tibetan Buddhism,which is different from what is recorded in the Chinese historical materials. The reasons are very complicated.The third one is " did ’Precious Religious King’ regain the administration authority of the Sakya Hall?" The letter discloses key historical information of "Precious Religious King" asking Emperor Yongle forthe administration authority of the Sakya Hall, and of how to manage the Sakya Hall. It shows the great efforts made by "Precious Religious King" to recover the administration authority of the Sakya Hall, and also reflects the high importance and effective governance of the central government of the Ming Dynasty to Tibet.
作者
杨天雪
YANG Tian-xue(the Institute of Ethnic and Religious Studies,Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences,Chengdu,Sichuan 610000)
出处
《西藏大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第1期103-111,共9页
Journal of Tibet University
关键词
明成祖
大乘法王
书信
诏书
Emperor Yongle
"Precious Religious King"
letter
edict
