摘要
印章是商人处理商务活动时的必备工具,在不同区域、不同商帮及不同门类的商业文书之中,都能见到印章的使用,商业印章在传统民间商业文书系统中有很高的研究价值。清代晋商在商业用印方面尤其讲究,从商务票据到个人信函均有涉及,并逐渐形成了一套完整的商业用印体系,从而对晋商的会计制度及信用机制等方面起到重要的促进作用。文章通过梳理晋商的合同、汇票、借据、清单、账册、书信、运单、钱帖、当票及广告包装等商业文书,结合印章的使用来分析其功能及目的,厘清晋商用印的规范及体系,并在此基础上透视清代商人的商业运营与管理方式。
The commercial seal has a high research value in the traditional folk commercial document system,it is a necessary tool for businessmen to deal with business activities,the use of seals can be seen in different regions,different business groups and different types of commercial documents.Jin merchants in the Qing Dynasty paid particular attention to commercial seals,ranging from commercial bills to personal letters,and gradually formed a complete set of commercial seal system,which played an important role in promoting the accounting system and credit mechanism of Jin merchants.This paper combs the contracts,bills of exchange,ious,lists,account books,letters,waybills,money cards,pawnchecks and advertising packaging and other commercial documents of Jin merchants,combined with the use of the seal to analyze its function and purpose,to clarify the norms and systems of printing used by Jin merchants.On the basis of this,the paper discusses the way of business operation and management of merchants in qing Dynasty.
作者
曾旭
Zeng Xu(Jiaying University,Meizhou Guangdong,514015)
出处
《地方文化研究》
2022年第1期28-38,共11页
Local Culture Research
基金
嘉应学院客家研究院特别委托课题“清代梅州商业用印比较研究”(项目编号:21kykt13)
2020年度国家社科基金冷门绝学研究专项“广州十三行印章印迹整理研究”(项目编号:20VJXG005)阶段性研究成果。
关键词
印章
商业文书
信用
契约精神
seal
Business documents
Credit
Contract spirit
