摘要
为解决东北地区盐碱地秸秆还田低温限制的问题,该研究采用深埋秸秆的方法提升秸秆发酵的环境温度,并叠加淋洗处理对土壤盐碱化进行改良,以吉林省莫莫格自然保护区典型苏打盐碱土壤为研究对象,通过建立微区试验,对比深埋秸秆和深埋秸秆后叠加淋洗两种处理对盐碱土壤性质的影响,探究深埋秸秆及淋洗处理对盐碱土壤改良效果和影响机制。研究结果表明:(1)深埋秸秆处理能够增加各剖面土壤有机碳含量,叠加淋洗处理使中上层土壤有机碳含量进一步增加:同对照(CK)相比,深埋秸秆处理能够增加各剖面土壤有机碳含量,在100~120 cm增加最多、表层土壤增加最少,分别为31.65%和12.12%;叠加淋洗处理后,土壤有机碳含量进一步提升,平均增加约7.2%。(2)深埋秸秆处理能够增加土壤中下层(40~120 cm)氮素含量:铵态氮含量平均增加56.37%,硝态氮含量平均增加12.71%,均在100~120 cm增加最多。(3)深埋秸秆处理能够增加土壤下层(80~120 cm)速效磷含量:速效磷含量在土壤下层平均增加55.07%,对0~80 cm土壤无显著影响。同CK对照相比,两种处理均可降低盐碱土壤pH值和电导率,提高含水率和土壤酶活性,主成分分析显示,深埋秸秆叠加淋洗处理对盐碱土壤的改良效果更好。
In order to solve the problem of low temperature limitation of straw returning to fields in northeast China,this study adopted the method of deep burying straw to raise the environmental temperature of straw fermentation,and superimposed leaching treatment to improve soil salinization.Taking typical soda salinization soil in Momoge Nature Reserve of Jilin Province as the research object,through establishing micro-zone experiment,the effects of deep-buried straw(S)and deepburied straw after superposition leaching(SW)on the properties of saline-alkali soil were compared to explore the effect and influence mechanism of deep-buried straw and leaching on saline-alkali soil improvement.The results showed that deep buried straw treatment(S)could increase the soil organic carbon content in each section,and superimposed leaching treatment(SW)could further increase the soil organic carbon content in the middle and upper layers.Compared with CK,deep buried straw(S)increased soil organic carbon content,which increased the most in 100~120 cm and the least in surface soil,respectively,by 31.65%and 12.12%.After superimposed leaching treatment(SW),soil organic carbon content was further increased by 7.2%on average.Deep buried straw treatment(S)could increase nitrogen content in the lower and middle layers of soil(40~120 cm):ammonium nitrogen content increased by 56.37%on average,nitrate nitrogen content increased by 12.71%on average,and increased most at 100~120 cm.Buried straw(S)could increase the content of available P in the lower soil layer(80~120 cm):the content of available P in the lower soil layer increased by 55.07%on average,but had no significant effect on 0~80 cm soil.Compared with CK,both treatments could reduce p H value and electrical conductivity of saline-alkali soil,and improve water content and soil enzyme activity.Principal component analysis showed that superposition leaching of buried straw had better improvement effect on saline-alkali soil.
作者
王翊婷
陈强
马良
臧淑英
WANG Yiting;CHEN Qiang;MA Liang;ZANG Shuying(Heilongjiang Prorince Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Informaiom Science in Cold Regions,Harbin Normal University,Harbin 150025,China;Heilongjiang Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Cold Region Ecological Safety,Harbin 150025,China;School of Geographical Science,Harbin Normal University,Harbin 150025,China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第12期159-166,共8页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0500404-6)。
关键词
盐碱土
深埋秸秆
淋洗
土壤养分
酶活性
saline-alkali soil
deeply buried straw
leaching
soil nutrients
enzyme activity
