摘要
含能热塑性弹性体结合了含能材料和热塑性材料的特点,具有能量高、感度低、燃尽性好、可再加工、可回收利用等优点,在火炸药领域具有重要的应用价值,成为含能材料研究的前沿与热点。综述了含能热塑性弹性体的研究与应用进展,重点阐述了官能团预聚体法、活性顺序聚合法和大分子引发剂法等合成方法;介绍了直接法、间接法、溶液法和本体法制备工艺;总结了相关的结构表征和基本性能,如链段组成及序列、微相分离、氢键化和结晶度以及热分解、感度、相容性、流变、生成焓和燃烧性能等;阐明了构建键合和自修复功能以及提升力学性能和能量水平的方法;论述了含能热塑性弹性体在发射药、混合炸药、固体推进剂和可燃药筒及改性球形药等方面的应用进展,总结了目前存在的问题和不足,指出了未来研究和发展的主要方向。
Energetic thermoplastic elastomers,with the characteristics of both energetic and thermoplastic materials,including high energy density,low sensitivity,good burn-out,reprocessing and recyclability,etc.,have important applications in the field of explosives and propellants,and have become the frontier and hotspot of energetic materials research.This paper reviews the research and application progress of energetic thermoplastic elastomers:illustrates synthesis methods and preparation processes,such as functional group pre-polymerization method,active sequential polymerization method and macro-initiator method,as well as direct and indirect method,solution and bulk polymerization method,etc.;summarizes relevant structural characterizations and basic properties,such as chain segment composition and sequence,microphase separation,hydrogen bonding and crystallinity,as well as thermal decomposition,sensitivity,compatibility,rheology,formation enthalpy and combustion,etc.In addition,constructing bonding and self-healing functions,as well as methods to improve mechanical properties and energy density are clarified,and the application progress of gun propellants,mixed explosives,solid propellants,combustible cartridges and modified spherical powders is discussed.At last,the current problems and deficiencies of energetic thermoplastic elastomers research are concluded,and the future directions of research and development are put forward.
作者
罗运军
丁善军
张弛
LUO Yunjun;DING Shanjun;ZHANG Chi(School of Materials Science&Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Key Laboratory of High Energy Density Materials of Ministry of Education,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《中国材料进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期117-128,139,共13页
Materials China
关键词
含能材料
含能热塑性弹性体
合成方法及工艺
基本结构与性能
功能化与应用
energetic material
energetic thermoplastic elastomer
synthesis method and process
basic structure and property
functionalization and application
