摘要
以宜香2115为材料,采用盆栽试验,设置2个秸秆还田处理(T2:小麦秸秆全量还田;T3:油菜秸秆全量还田)、3个施氮水平处理(N1:120 kg/hm^(2);N2:150 kg/hm^(2);N3:180 kg/hm^(2))以及2个对照(T1N0:秸秆不还田—不施氮;T1N2:秸秆不还田—施氮量150 kg/hm^(2)),测定各处理土壤的Eh值和水稻前期的根系、叶面积和干物质积累量,研究了油菜和小麦秸秆还田和施氮水平对水稻前期生长和稻田土壤氧化还原状况的影响。结果表明,在移栽后24 d内,秸秆还田显著降低了土壤Eh值,Eh值呈现3~9 d内先快速降低,并于9 d时降至最低值,9~19 d内缓慢上升,然后趋于平稳的趋势;在移栽后24 d时,与N1和N3处理相比,N2处理增加了水稻的白根数、白根长,白根数占比、根冠比、叶面积以及干物质积累量。相同施氮处理下,油菜秸秆还田处理较小麦秸秆还田处理提高了水稻白根数、总根数、单株叶面积、地上部和地下部干物质量、0~7 cm和7~14 cm土层的白根总长和根总长。综合来看,油菜秸秆还田对促进水稻生长发育的效果优于小麦秸秆还田,且在150 kg/hm^(2)的施氮水平下对水稻前期生长发育促进作用最优。
To study the effects of the full return of rape and wheat straw into the field and the nitrogen application level on the early growth of rice and the redox status of paddy soil, with Yixiang 2115 as the test material, a pot experiment was used to set two straw return treatments(T2: full return of wheat straw to the field;T3: full return of rape straw to the field) and three nitrogen level treatments(N1: 120 kg/hm^(2);N2: 150 kg/hm^(2);N3: 180 kg/hm^(2)), two controls(T1N0:no straw return & no nitrogen application;T1N2: no straw return & 150 kg/hm^(2)of nitrogen application), and determined the Eh value of the soil and the root system, leaf area and dry matter accumulation in early stage of rice. The results showed that, within 24 days after transplanting, returning straw to the field significantly reduced the soil Eh value.The Eh value decreased rapidly from the 3;to 9;day, and slowly increased from the 9;to 19;day and then stabilized after the 19;day. At the 24;day after transplanting, compared with N1 and N3 treatments, N2 treatment increased the number of white roots, white root length, percentage of white roots, root-to-shoot ratio, leaf area and dry matter accumulation of rice. Under the same N application, the number of white roots, the number of total roots, leaf area per plant, dry matter weight of aboveground and underground parts, length of white roots and length of total roots in 0 ~ 7cm and 7 ~ 14 cm soil layers were increased by returning rape straw to the field compared with wheat straw return. On the whole, the effect of the full return of rape straw to the field on promoting the growth of rice is better than that of the full return of wheat straw, and it has the best effect on the early growth of rice under the nitrogen application level of 150 kg/hm^(2).
作者
黄正
尹明玄
张荣萍
陶诗顺
张琪
阿什日轨
周宁宁
冯婷煜
HUANG Zheng;YIN Ming-xuan;ZHANG Rong-ping;TAOShi-shun;ZHANG Qi;A Shen-ri-gui;ZHOU Ning-ning;FENG Ting-yu(School of Life Science and Engineering,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang,Sichuan 621010,China;Ziyang Environmental Technology Vocational and Technical College,Ziyang,Sichuan 641300,China)
出处
《杂交水稻》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第2期94-99,共6页
Hybrid Rice
基金
“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0301202)
国家重点研发计划“丘陵区水稻抗逆丰产增效技术研究与模式构建”(2017YFD0301706)。
关键词
水稻
秸秆还田
施氮水平
植株性状
土壤Eh
rice
returning straw to the field
nitrogen application level
plant traits
soil Eh
