摘要
作为理性的自觉建构,大多数哲学理论或多或少都内含着形塑现实世界的实践要求,这在一般地表现出哲学本己的实践属性的同时也隐藏着一个不言自明的前提:人类能够且必须运用理性对现实有所“作为”。然而,对于“作为”的程度与形式,哲学家们或是走向了主观主义的建构论,渴望以理性的直观、通过思想途径直接抹平与现实的沟壑;或是索性承认社会秩序的“自生自发性”,使理性仅仅充当从旁辅助的角色。实际上,二者都不过是启蒙理性发展过程中的不同表征样态。而马克思则从现实人的感性实践活动出发实现了主观与客观、理论与现实的有机统一,展开了对启蒙的再启蒙,进而凭借实践理性思维取代了启蒙理性思维,并在这一基础上彻底颠覆了传统的政治的形而上学。
As the conscious construction of rationality,most philosophical theories more or less contain practical requirements for shaping the real world.While this generally shows the practical attributes of philosophy itself,it also hides a self-evident premise:human beings can and must use reason to"do something"with reality.However,about the degree and form of"action",philosophiers have either moved towards subjectivist constructivism,eager to use rational intuition and direct ideological channels to smooth the gap with reality;or simply acknowledge the"spontaneous nature of social order",to make reason only play a supporting role.In fact,both are just different representations in the development process of enlightenment reason.On the other hand,Marx realizes the organic unity of subjectivity and objectivity,theory and reality from the perceptual practical activities of real people,and then launches the re-enlightenment of enlightenment.He replaces enlightenment rational thinking with practical rational thinking,and completely overturns the traditional political metaphysics based on this foundation.
出处
《马克思主义哲学研究》
2021年第2期115-123,共9页
Marxist Philosophical Research
关键词
实践理性
社会秩序
启蒙理性
实践
Practical Rationality
Social Order
Enlightenment Rationality
Practice
