摘要
基于我国梨产业面临的八大新形势,提出4种主要的梨树栽培新模式,即双主干平面树形、“V”形双平面树形、圆柱形树形、双臂顺行水平棚架树形;介绍6种栽培新技术,主要包括授粉方式从人工授粉向液体授粉、无人机授粉转变,负载量调控从人工疏花疏果向机械和化学疏花疏果转变,植物生长调节剂化学控制成为常规手段,通过根系修剪控制树体旺长,采用更新修剪保证壮枝结果,通过无袋栽培降低生产成本等实现果园的机械化和智能化。
Based on the eight new situations in China’s pear industry,four main novel cultivation models were proposed including bi-axis pear tree, “V” trellis pear tree,cylinder shaped pear tree and double-axis horizontal trellis pear tree. Six new cultivation techniques were introduced,for example,transferring pollination methods from artificial pollination to Unmanned Arial Vehicle(UAV) liquid pollination,transferring crop load control from hand thinning to mechanical and chemical thinning,chemical control using plant growth regulators becoming a common cultivation technique, controlling tree vigor by root pruning,reducing production costs by bagless cultivation and realizing the mechanization and intelligence of orchard.
作者
赵德英
闫帅
张彦昌
赵亮亮
徐锴
张少瑜
侯桂学
ZHAO De-ying;YAN Shuai;ZHANG Yan-chang;ZHAO Liang-liang;XU Kai;ZHANG Shao-yu;HOU Gui-xue(Research Institute of Pomology,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science/Key Laboratory of Mineral Nutrition and Efficient Fertilization for Deciduous Fruit/Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Utilization of Horticulture Crops,Ministry of Agriculture,Xingcheng Liaoning 125100,China)
出处
《北方果树》
2022年第2期1-5,11,共6页
Northern Fruits
基金
辽宁省科技计划项目——仁果类果树安全高效栽培技术研究(2020JH2/10200028)
中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-RIP-03)。
关键词
梨产业
轻简
优质
高效
机械化
智能化
pear industry
labor-saving
high-quality
high-efficiency
mechanization
intelligence
