摘要
本文主要介绍了中国大陆地面时变重力在地震研究中的应用与进展,并简要介绍了卫星重力在地震研究中的应用. 1966年邢台地震以来,中国开始流动重力监测,尝试探索重力变化与地震活动的关系,观测到1975年海城7.3级和1976年唐山7.8级地震前后的重力变化. 1981年引进使用高精度Lacoste-Romberg (G)型金属弹簧重力仪,进行中美地震重力合作研究,及以1984年滇西地震预报实验场为主的地震重点监视区高精度流动重力观测实践,观测到1995年中缅边界7.3级和1996年丽江7.0级地震前震中附近出现的重力异常变化. 1998年引入高精度绝对重力测量,开展中国大陆整体规模的重力场变化监测,获得了2008年汶川8.0级和于田7.3级等地震前的大尺度重力变化信息,给出了汶川和于田地震中期预测的有效意见. 2008年汶川8.0级地震后,全国网与区域网加速整合,形成了中国大陆整体重力观测网,对近年来发生的一系列6.0级以上地震(如芦山7.0级、门源6.4级、呼图壁6.2级、于田7.3级、九寨沟7.0级等地震)均进行了较为成功的中期预测,为地震机理研究和我国中期地震预测水平提升发挥了重要作用.最后,指出了我国时变重力监测中仍存在的问题,并对利用时变重力监测资料开展地震研究进行了展望.
This article mainly introduces the application and progress of ground time-varying gravity in the seismic research of China's Mainland, and briefly introduces the application of satellite gravity in seismic research.Since the Xingtai earthquake in 1966, China has begun relative gravity monitoring, trying to explore the relationship between gravity changes and seismic activities. The gravity changes before and after the Haicheng M;7.3 earthquake in 1975 and the Tangshan M;7.8 earthquake in 1976 were observed. In 1981, a high-precision LacosteRomberg(G) metal spring gravimeter was introduced to conduct the Sino-US cooperative research on earthquake gravity and the practice of high-precision relative gravity observation in the key earthquake monitoring areas in 1984, which was dominated by the earthquake prediction experiment site in western Yunnan. The gravity anomaly changes near the epicenters of the China-Myanmar border M;7.3 earthquakes in 1995 and the Lijiang M;7.0 earthquakes in 1996 were observed. In 1998, introduced high-precision absolute gravity surveys were used to monitor the overall scale gravity field variation in China's Mainland. Those monitoring obtained the gravity changes before the 2008 Wenchuan M;8.0 and Yutian M;7.3 earthquakes, and proposed adequate opinions for medium-term earthquake prediction. After the Wenchuan M;8.0 earthquake in 2008, the integration of the national network and the regional network formed the whole gravity observation network in China, which made a relatively successful mediumterm prediction for a series of earthquakes with M;6.0 or above(such as Lushan M;7.0, Menyuan M;6.4, Hutubi M;6.2, Yutian M;7.3, Jiuzhaigou M;7.0, etc.). The integrated network played an important role in studying earthquake mechanisms and the improvement of medium-term earthquake prediction levels in China. Finally, the existing problems in time-varying gravity monitoring in China are pointed out in this paper, and the prospect of earthquake research by using time-varying gravity monitoring data i
作者
祝意青
张勇
杨雄
刘芳
张国庆
赵云峰
隗寿春
毛经伦
张松
Zhu Yiqing;Zhang Yong;Yang Xiong;Liu Fang;Zhang Guoqing;Zhao Yunfeng;Wei Shouchun;Mao Jinglun;Zhang Song(Second Crust Monitoring and Application Center,China Earthquake Administration,Xi'an 710054,China;Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China)
出处
《地球与行星物理论评》
2022年第3期278-291,共14页
Reviews of Geophysics and Planetary Physics
基金
国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(41874092)
国家自然科学基金地震联合基金资助项目(U1939205)。
关键词
重力观测
时变重力
构造活动
地震前兆
地震预测
gravity observation
time-varying gravity
tectonic activity
earthquake precursor
earthquake prediction
