摘要
钢铁工业循环冷却水占工业用水量的70%~80%,在工厂中主要用来冷凝蒸汽、冷却产品或设备。面对中国水资源短缺日益严重现象,提高水处理系统循环率、降低吨钢新水指标、提高循环冷却水系统运行的浓缩倍数是重要的节水技术之一。随着浓缩倍数的增加,废水中氯离子不断浓聚,大大加剧了设备及管路遭受晶间腐蚀的危险,轻则影响正常生产及缩短设备使用寿命,重则导致人身安全事故。因此,脱除钢铁工业循环水中的氯离子是必然选择。国内外专家学者致力于研究脱除各种类型废水中的氯离子,形成了4大类除氯技术,分别为沉淀盐法、分离法、离子交换法和氧化还原法,各有优势但也存在一些不足。阐述了不同氯离子脱除技术及其作用机理,对比分析了其在水中脱除氯离子的优势与限制性环节,突出了石灰铝盐沉淀法的优势,提出了钢铁工业循环水中氯离子脱除工艺技术建议,为不断浓聚的氯离子脱除难题提供了新的思路。相信未来水中氯离子脱出技术将越来越完善,也将发挥越来越重要的作用。
Circulating cooling water in the iron and steel industry accounts for 70%-80% of industrial water consumption.It is mainly used in factories to condense steam and cool products or equipment.Facing the increasingly serious shortage of water resources in China,increasing the circulation rate of the water treatment system,reducing the new water index per ton of steel,and increasing the concentration multiple of the circulating cooling water system are one of the important water-saving technologies.With the increase of the concentration ratio,chloride ions could continually concentrate,which greatly aggravates the risk of intergranular corrosion of equipment and pipelines,affects normal production and shorten the service life of equipment,and even leads to personal safety accidents.Therefore,it is an inevitable choice to remove chloride ions from circulating water in the iron and steel industry.Experts and scholars at home and abroad have devoted themselves to studying the removal of chloride ions in various types of waste-water,forming four major types of chlorine removal technologies,namely precipitation salt method,separation method,ion exchange method,and oxidation-reduction method.In addition to their advantages,these technologies also have some shortcomings.The articles describe different chloride ion removal technologies and their mechanism of action,and compares and analyzes their advantages and limitations in the removal of chloride ions in water,highlights the advantages of the lime aluminum salt precipitation method,and proposes a process technology for the removal of chloride ions in circulating water in the iron and steel industry.At the same time,this also provides a new idea for the continuous concentration of chloride ion removal problems.It is believed that the technology of removing chloride ions from water will become more and more perfect in the future,and it will also play an increasingly important role.
作者
张晓英
李素芹
雷海萍
李永奎
ZHANG Xiao-ying;LI Su-qin;LEI Hai-ping;LI Yong-kui(School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《钢铁》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期153-159,共7页
Iron and Steel
关键词
工业循环水
氯离子脱除
沉淀法
膜分离法
氧化还原法
industrial circulating water
chlorine ion removal
precipitation method
membrane separation method
redox method
