摘要
伤寒与副伤寒继续是具有全球性传播潜力、发病率较高的主要传染病之一,仍然是低中经济收入国家的一个紧迫疾病负担和主要公共卫生问题。地方性流行区域显著特征是发病率较高、防控效果局限、水源食物污染和密切接触引起的病例较多;发达国家地区的显著特点是发病率很低和旅游相关病例构成比较大,发病率可持续减少还有困难;及时准确地对该病进行危险因素探测、驱动因素调查、传播链确定是防止暴发流行与减少危害的重要科技问题。本文综述伤寒与副伤寒危险因素、早期探测、有效监测的理论技术,重视该病暴发流行危险因素、驱动因素、传播链的多时空节点触发与多学科渠道监测及其病因学分化融合的结果结论,为构建敏感特异、分期度量伤寒与副伤寒有效监测的创新技术体系提供科学依据。
Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers,one of major infectious diseases with global transmission potentiality and high incidence,still imposes pressing disease burden and major global-health concern in low-and middle-income countries.In endemic areas,the disease is characterized by high incidence,limited effect of prevention and control,and more cases caused by water contamination,food contamination and close contact.In addition,the remarkable characteristics of the disease in developed countries and regions are the low incidence rate and the relatively large proportion of tourism-related cases,and there are still difficulties in the sustainable reduction of the incidence rate.Detection and surveillance on typhoid and paratyphoid fevers in a timely and accurate manner is an important scientific and technological problem to prevent the outbreak and reduce the hazard.In the study,we summarized researches on risk factors,early detection and effective surveillance of typhoid and paratyphoid fevers,and paid attention to multispace-time node triggering and multi-disciplinary channel monitoring and etiological results in the process of outbreak and epidemic for providing a basis to the construction of an innovative technical system with sensitive specificity,staging measurement of typhoid and paratyphoid fevers.
作者
孟银平
王树坤
MENG Yin-ping;WANG Shu-kun(School of Public Health,Dali University,Dali,Yunnan Province 671000,China;不详)
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期371-375,共5页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
国家卫生计生委科技重大专项(2017ZX10103010)。
关键词
伤寒与副伤寒
暴发
危险因素
驱动因素
有效监测
typhoid and paratyphoid fevers
outbreak
risk factor
driving factor
effective surveillance
