摘要
目的了解中国慢性乙型肝炎(乙肝)患者反歧视法律及政策知晓情况、维权意识及其相关因素,为探究提高反歧视维权意识策略提供依据。方法2017年1-4月采用自制问卷调查中国4个省份的797例慢性乙肝患者,对3项反歧视法律及政策的了解情况和维权意识,使用χ^(2)检验探究法律及政策知晓情况与维权意识的关系及可能的相关因素。结果分别有39.55%(297/751)、40.21%(302/751)、56.99%(428/751)的患者知晓该3项法律及政策,仅9.46%(73/772)的患者有维权意识,仅0.91%(7/772)的患者曾真正请求过相关组织或机构帮助解决问题;至少知晓1项法律及政策的慢性乙肝患者的维权意识是不知晓者的2.78倍,二者维权意识差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=20.406,P<0.001);居住在北京地区、31~40岁、更高学历、医务工作者、学生、教师及科研人员较其他患者有更高的法律及政策知晓程度(P<0.05),高学历的患者有更高的维权意识,且差异有统计学意义(P=0.006)。结论虽然知晓乙肝反歧视法律及政策的慢性乙肝患者数量较多,但是有维权意识的人较少,真正付诸行动者更少。需要提高公众整体知识水平,在就业和入学时提高法律及政策知识普及率,带动维权意识提高和进步。
Objective To examine the knowledge about anti-discrimination regulations and awareness on patient rights protection and their associated factors among chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients in China,and to provide evidences for enhancing the awareness of anti-discrimination actions.Methods We selected four province-level regions with different CHB prevalence as study sites and recruited 797 CHB patients in one or two hospitals in each of the four regions with convenient sampling for a face-to-face interview on the awareness of the three anti-discrimination laws and patient rights protection using a self-designed questionnaire during January-April 2017.Chi-square test was used to explore the relationship between the awareness and their associated factors.Results The proportions of the respondents reporting the awareness of one of the three anti-discrimination laws were 39.55%(297/751),40.21%(302/751),and 56.99%(428/751),respectively;only 9.46%(73/772)of respondents reported being aware of patient rights protection and 0.91%(7/772)of the respondents reported asking for help from relevant organizations or agencies to solve discrimination-related issues.The respondents being aware of at least one of the three laws reported a 1.78 times higher ratio of having consciousness of assertion of rights compared to the respondents not being aware of all the laws(χ^(2)=20.406,P<0.001).The respondents living in Beijing city,aged 31-40 years,with higher education,being medical workers,students,teachers and researchers reported a significantly higher awareness rate of anti-discrimination laws and regulations than other respondents(all P<0.05).The respondents with higher education had a significantly higher consciousness of assertion of rights(P=0.006).Conclusion Although many chronic hepatitis B patients in China were aware of anti-discrimination laws,but a small number of them had the consciousness of assertion of rights and few of them took actions related to patient rights protection.The results suggest that educations on anti-disc
作者
韩冰峰
袁千里
刘姜
刘雅琼
黄宁华
崔富强
HAN Bing-feng;YUAN Qian-li;LIU Jiang(School of Public Health,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China;不详)
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第3期262-265,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
北京大学医学部专项(BMU20170607)。
关键词
慢性乙型肝炎
歧视
法律及政策
维权
chronic hepatitis B
discrimination
law
assertion of rights
