摘要
人体暴露于化学混合物的联合效应已受到许多国家政府部门的关注。近年来欧洲食品安全局、美国环境保护署等机构已对化学混合物联合作用的累积暴露评估开展了大量的研究工作。本文概述了化学物累积暴露风险评估中对具有共同作用机制化学物分组的原则和标准,并依据化学物联合作用类型及其判断方法,阐述了以剂量相加作用为前提的危害指数法、累积风险指数法、相对效能因子法、分离点指数法、联合暴露边界比法,以独立反应为前提的反应相加法以及以相互反应为前提的危害指数修正法等国内外研究累积性暴露评估的主要前沿方法。此外,在化合混合物暴露评估中,对基于生理学的毒代动力学模型方法与常规评估方法的精准性进行了分析,对我国未来更加准确、科学的评估提出了新的探索方向。
The combined effects of human exposure to chemical mixtures have attracted the attention of government agencies in many countries.Many institutions have carried out a lot of research on the cumulative exposure assessment of the combined effects of chemical mixtures.This article outlines the principles and standards for grouping chemicals with a common action mechanism in the cumulative exposure risk assessment of chemicals,and based on the types of combined effects of chemicals and their judgment method,expounds the Hazard Index method,Cumulative Risk Index method,Relative Potency Factor method,Point of Departure method,combined Margin of Exposure method,reaction addition method based on independent reaction,and hazard index correction method based on interaction,etc.In addition,in the exposure assessment of compound mixtures,the accuracy of physiologically-based toxicokinetic model method and conventional assessment method are analyzed,and a new direction for exploration is proposed for more accurate and scientific assessments in China in the future.
作者
鲍涵冰
刘兆平
魏晟
宋雁
BAO Hanbing;LIU Zhaoping;WEI Sheng;SONG Yan(Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Hubei Wuhan 430030,China;National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment,China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment,Beijing 100021,China)
出处
《中国食品卫生杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期175-183,共9页
Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1603003)
国家自然科学基金(82073559)。
关键词
化学混合物
联合作用
累积暴露
风险评估
Chemical mixture
combined effect
cumulative exposure
risk assessment
