摘要
目的探讨冠心病(CHD)患者心脏康复依从性及其影响因素。方法以2018年5月至2020年9月于北京某康复医院治疗的CHD患者为研究对象,在出院时由康复科医师对患者出院后的康复行为进行指导,并在出院后6个月时由研究组成员对患者进行康复行为依从性的跟踪随访,采用描述性分析方法对结果进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对心脏康复依从性影响因素进行分析。结果出院6个月时完成随访2115例。患者中男性占55.08%。平均年龄为(55.32±1.52)岁,最小38岁,最大72岁。心脏康复行为中完全依从者821例,部分依从者921例,不依从者373例,分别占38.82%、43.55%、17.64%,总体依从率为82.36%。二分类Logistic回归分析结果显示,文化程度为初中及高中(OR=2.543)、大专及以上(OR=4.274)、月收入3000~4999(OR=3.304)、月收入≥5000元(OR=2.785)、抑郁(OR=0.301)、心脏康复认知评分≥17(OR=6.475)、冠心病健康信念评分≥101分(OR=11.100)、社会支持评分≥36分(OR=8.836)、自我管理效能感评分≥62分(OR=12.417)、中文版疾病感知问卷修订(IPQ-R)评分≥131分(OR=6.412)均为CHD患者心脏康复依从性的影响因素。结论北京市石景山地区CHD患者的心脏康复依从性相对较差,与文化程度、月收入情况、抑郁、疾病感知、心脏康复认知水平、冠心病健康信念、社会支持、自我管理效能有关。
ObjectiveTo investigate the compliance and influencing factors of cardiac rehabilitation in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD).MethodsCHD patients who were treated in a rehabilitation hospital in Beijing from May 2018 to September 2020 were selected as the research objects.Rehabilitation physicians gave guidance to the patients on their rehabilitation behavior after discharge.The members of the group followed up on the patients’compliance with rehabilitation behaviors,used descriptive analysis methods to analyze the results,and used univariate and multivariate analysis methods to analyze the influencing factors of cardiac rehabilitation compliance.ResultsA total of 2115 cases were followed up 6 months after discharge.Males accounted for 55.08%of the patients.The average age was(55.32±1.52)years old,the youngest was 38 years old and the oldest was 72 years old.Among the cardiac rehabilitation behaviors,821 were fully compliant,921 were partially compliant,and 373 were non-compliant,accounting for 38.82%,43.55%,and17.64%,respectively.The overall compliance rate was 82.36%.Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the educational level was junior middle school or senior high school(OR=2.543),college degree or above(OR=4.274),monthly income 3000-4999 yuan(OR=3.304),monthly income≥5000 yuan(OR=2.785),depression(OR=0.301),cognitive score of cardiac rehabilitation≥17(OR=6.475),health belief score of CHD≥101(OR=11.100),social support score≥36(OR=8.836),self-management efficacy score≥62(OR=12.417)and illness perception questionnaire-revised(IPQ-R)score≥131(OR=6.412)were the influencing factors of compliance of cardiac rehabilitation in CHD patients.ConclusionPatients with CHD in Shijingshan District of Beijing have relatively poor compliance with cardiac rehabilitation,which is related to education level,monthly income,depression,disease perception,cognitive level of cardiac rehabilitation,health beliefs in CHD,social support,and self-management efficacy.
作者
郭雅楠
杨柳
崔慢飞
GUO Ya-nan;YANG Liu;CUI Man-fei(Heart Rehabilitation Center,Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University,Beijing 100144,China)
出处
《华南预防医学》
2022年第2期173-177,共5页
South China Journal of Preventive Medicine
关键词
冠心病
心脏康复
依从性
健康信念
社会支持
自我管理效能
Coronary heart disease
Cardiac rehabilitation
Compliance
Health belief
Social support
Self-management efficacy
