摘要
为研究福建省铁路建设、运营期间对土地利用/覆盖变化的作用过程,选取温福铁路、福厦铁路、龙厦铁路、向莆铁路4条铁路线的福建段为研究对象,基于2000年、2010年和2020年3期土地利用/覆盖监测数据,首先利用GIS缓冲区分析法对铁路2侧土地利用/覆盖的梯度变化规律进行分析,进一步采用土地利用动态度、土地利用程度综合指数以及景观指数,探讨20 a来福建省铁路建设和运营期间铁路沿线土地利用/覆盖变化的时空格局。根据铁路2侧20 km范围内土地利用/覆盖单一动态度和综合动态度的梯度变化规律,确定6 km的缓冲范围作为铁路影响域;研究发现:在影响域内,铁路的建设和运营对耕地和建设用地的影响较大,20 a间耕地减少715.49 km^(2),建设用地增加1015.8 km^(2),分别占研究区域面积的5.96%和8.49%;而林地、草地、水域和未利用土地的变化较小,且耕地向建设用地的转化是主要的土地利用变化类型。铁路建设时期对土地利用/覆盖变化影响较大,发生变化的面积高达983.03 km^(2),占总面积的8.19%,而运营时期对土地利用/覆被变化的影响较小,发生变化的面积为586.20 km^(2),占比达4.89%。在2000—2010年,研究区域内景观格局指数的变化明显,破碎度增加较明显,聚合度降低较明显,而在2010—2020年间破碎度和聚合度等景观格局指数变化和2000—2010年的变化相反,且变化程度减小,破碎度在铁路建设期间增加了41.23,运营期间减小2.66,而聚合度先减少0.18,后增加0.01。表明铁路运营期间对沿线区域景观格局干扰较小,且景观格局破碎程度有所改善。定量研究铁路建设及运营时期沿线土地利用/覆盖变化,为铁路沿线土地资源优化配置提供科学依据。
To study the effect of railway construction and operation on land use/cover change in Fujian Province, we selected the sections with Fujian confines of Wenzhou-Fuzhou Railway, Fuzhou-Xiamen Railway, Longyan-Xiamen Railway and Xiangtang-Putian Railway as objects. Based on monitoring data of land use/cover in 2000, 2010 and 2020, the GIS buffer analysis method was used to analyze the gradient changes of land use/cover on both sides of the railway. The dynamic degree of land use, composite index of land use degree and landscape index were further used to explore the temporal and spatial patterns of land use/cover changes along the railway lines during the past 20 years. According to the gradient variation law of single dynamic degree and comprehensive dynamic degree of land use/cover within 20 km on both sides of the railways, the buffer range of 6 km was determined as the railways influence area.It was found that(1) In the affected area, the construction and operation of railways had a considerable impact on cultivated land and construction land. In the past 20 years, the cultivated land has decreased by 715.49 km^(2), construction land increased by 1015.8 km^(2), accounting for 5.96% and 8.49% of the study area. The changes in forest land, grassland, water area and unused land were smaller, with conversion of cultivated land to construction land as main change type.(2) The railways construction had a higher impact on land use/cover changes, with 983.03 km^(2) which was involved in accounting for 8.19% of the total area while the operation had a relatively small impact on land use/cover changes, with 586.20 km^(2) for 8.19%.(3) From 2000 to 2010, the landscape pattern indices in the study area was changed significantly, in detail, the degree of SPLIT increased, and the degree of COHESION decreased. The changes of such indices as COHESION, SPLIT and AI between 2010 and 2020 were opposite to those of 2000—2010,with the reduced degree. The degree of SPLIT increased by 41.23 during railway construction but decreased
作者
徐崇敏
邹泽耀
邱荣祖
林玉英
胡喜生
Xu Chongmin;Zou Zeyao;Qiu Rongzu;Lin Yuying;Hu Xisheng(School of Transportation and Civil Engineering,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350108,China;School of Tourism,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350117,China)
出处
《江苏林业科技》
2022年第1期14-23,共10页
Journal of Jiangsu Forestry Science & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“森林覆盖空间位移的格局、过程与机制”(31971639)
国家自然科学基金青年项目“道路网络与森林覆盖变化权衡关系的地理变异机理”(41901221)
福建省自然科学基金项目“基于GTWR的福建省森林覆盖像元变化驱动机制的精准识别”(2019J01406)。
