摘要
当前,我国海洋环境治理存在涉海部门管理模式切割性、陆海环境治理体系脱钩性与跨省海洋环境协作治理实践绝缘性等方面的"制度失灵"问题。长三角区域的跨省海洋环境治理需要正视和破解重政策主导轻法律保障、重陆海分离轻陆海一体、重纵向命令服从轻横向沟通协调等"三重三轻"现象。在长三角区域一体化的国家战略背景下,需要将"湾长制"纳入区域一体化的生态整体法治格局下审视,明确"湾长制"的义务本质属性及目标责任的制度定位。建议将"湾长制"的功能定位于区域海洋治理目标责任与协调配合机制,通过长三角区域的地方立法协同,加强"湾长制"与河长制、湖长制、林长制等之间的衔接及全链条式的水环境责任、联动执法体系构建,促进政策性制度向法律制度转型,以达至"多中心共同治理"的区域海洋环境治理格局。
At present, China has been trapped by the institutional failure of regional marine environmental governance, such as the deficiencies of the management mode of marine department, land-sea environmental governance system and cross-provincial marine environmental collaborative governance. In the governance of the cross-provincial marine environment in the Yangtze River Delta, attentions should be paid to "three stresses and three belittlements phenomenon, attaching importance to policy guidance rather than legal security, to land-sea separation rather than integration, and to superior orders rather than lateral coordination. Therefore, the bay chief system needs to be observed under the overall ecological legal pattern in the context of regional integration in the Yangtze River Delta. In this case, the essence of the responsibility attributes of the bay chief system and the mechanism positioning of targeted responsibility should be clarified. It is suggested that the function of the bay chief system should be positioned as the target responsibility and coordination mechanism for regional marine governance goals. Meanwhile, the synergism of local legislation should be applied to strengthen the connection among the bay chief system" and river administrator system, lake administrator system and forest administrator system, and build a whole chain system of water environment responsibility and joint law enforcement, thus promoting the transformation from policy system to legal system and achieving the regional marine environment pattern of multi-center co-governance.
作者
沈秋豪
陈真亮
SHEN Qiu-hao;CHEN Zhen-liang(Institute of Ecological Civilization,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;Institute of Zhejiang Rural Revitalization,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China)
出处
《海洋湖沼通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期160-166,共7页
Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology
基金
国家社科重大项目(19VHJ016)
国家社科基金项目(2020XFX002)
沪苏浙皖社科规划办专项重点课题(19CSJZX08Z)
浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题(22NDJC098YB)
浙江大花园建设研究专项重点课题(DHYA202004)。
关键词
长三角
“湾长制”
海洋环境治理
协同治理
法治优化
Yangtze River Delta
Bay chief system
Marine environmental governance
Collaborative governance
Optimization of associating rule of law
