摘要
以区域间投入产出表为基础,量化黄河中下游五省区(山西省、内蒙古、山东省、河南省和陕西省)基于消费的水足迹的规模和结构以及与省级的虚拟水贸易,通过近远程视角分析黄河中下游五省区依靠内外部水资源的程度,并通过实例分析虚拟水贸易的空间流动特点。结果表明,黄河中下游五省区各部门的用水系数差别较大,其中内蒙古的农业用水系数最高,均高于700 m^(3)/万元;黄河中下游五省区近远程水足迹之比为99∶1,即对内部水资源依赖性较强,对外部水资源依赖性较弱,近程水资源极大地促进了黄河中下游发展;黄河中下游的水足迹与距离呈现出一定的负相关关系,即距离越大,水足迹流动量越小。五省区的水足迹分别距流出地3.21、68.42、75.18、77.32、19.53 km,其中山西的水足迹距离流出地的平均距离最短,河南的水足迹距离流出地的平均距离最长;在虚拟水近远程贸易中,黄河中下游是虚拟水净流入区,有3976.6万m^(3)的虚拟水净流入量;山西省和陕西省是虚拟水净流入区,内蒙古、山东和河南三省区是虚拟水净流出区。我国蓬勃发展的经济给水资源带来了巨大压力,黄河中下游五省区的水资源压力也在不断增加,提高综合用水效率,调整进出口策略,实施虚拟水贸易策略是黄河中下游高质量发展的重要举措。
Based on the inter-regional input-output table,the scale and structure of the consumption-based water footprint of five provinces(Shanxi Province,Inner Mongolia,Shandong Province,Henan Province and Shaanxi Province)and regions in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and their virtual water trade with the provincial level were quantified.This paper analyzed the degree of dependence on internal and external water resources in the five provinces and regions of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River from a near and long distance perspective,and analyzed the spatial flow characteristics of virtual water trade through examples.The results showed that the water use coefficien of five provinces and regions in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River varied greatly,Inner Mongolia had the highest agricultural water use coefficient,which was higher than 700 m^(3)/104 yuan.The ratio of short-range and long-range water footprints in five provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River was 99∶1,which meant that the dependence on internal water resources was strong and the dependen-ce on external water resources was weak.The short-distance water resources greatly promoted the development of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River.The water footprint in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River presented a negative correlation with distance,that was,the larger the distance,the smaller the water footprint flow.The water footprint of the five provinces was 3.21,68.42,75.18,77.32 and 19.53 km from the outflow place,respectively.The average distance between the water footprint of Shanxi and the outflow place was the shortest,and the average distance between Henan and the outflow place was the longest.In the near and long distance virtual water trade,the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River were the net inflow areas of virtual water,with a net inflow of 39.766 million m^(3).Shanxi Province and Shaanxi Province were the areas of virtual water net inflow,and Inner Mo
作者
夏广慧
马忠
XIA Guang-hui;MA Zhong(School of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2022年第6期178-185,共8页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41461115,41061050)。
关键词
近远程视角
黄河中下游
虚拟水贸易
Near-long distance perspective
Middle and lower reaches of Yellow River
Virtual water trade
