摘要
目的了解2020年福建省普通人群对精神卫生知识的知晓率。方法用统一的调查问卷,内容包括精神卫生知识和理念、精神卫生的行为趋向以及病例测验。用多阶段分层随机抽样,在福建省10个地市调查19207人,采取面对面问卷调查,统一答案标准,用Excel 2007录入数据,SPSS 17.0统计分析。结果调查19207人,收回有效问卷18420份,总体知晓率为67.97%,其中城镇居民知晓率为70.99%,农村居民知晓率为61.25%。全省基本知晓率为39.21%,部分知晓率为52.10%,较少知晓率为8.69%;初中以下、农民、渔民、失业等人群知晓率较低。知晓率问卷得分高低与年龄因素相关(P<0.01),年龄为15~40岁者问卷得分较高,年龄>40岁者问卷得分低;问卷得分高低与被调查者的居住地有关(P<0.01),城镇居民知识问卷得分高于农村居民;问卷得分高低与教育程度相关(P<0.01),教育程度越高、心理健康知识知晓率就越高;问卷得分高低与被调查者职业相关(P<0.01),职业上能获取心理健康知识的途径越多、心理健康知识知晓率越高。从病例测验结果来看,福建省居民对精神疾病症状的认知准确率较低,尤其是阴性症状为主的精神分裂症,仅为5.39%。结论福建省普通人群精神卫生知识的知晓率达到全国水平,存在受教育程度、职业等因素的差异。
Objective To understand the awareness rate of mental health knowledge among different groups in Fujian province in 2020.Methods A uniform questionnaire was used,which included mental health knowledge and ideas,behavioral trends of mental health and case tests.A multi-stage stratified random sampling was used to investigate 19207 people in 10 cities and prefectures of the province.Face to face questionnaire survey was conducted,and unified answer standard was adopted.Data was input with Excel 2007,and SPSS 17.0 statistical analysis was conducted.Results A total of 19207 people were surveyed and 18420 valid questionnaires were collected.The overall awareness rate was 67.97%,including 70.99%for urban residents and 61.25%for rural residents.The basic awareness rate was 39.21%,the partial awareness rate was 52.10%,and the less awareness rate was 8.69%;the awareness rate of people below junior middle school,farmers,fishermen and unemployed was low.The score of the awareness rate questionnaire was correlated with age(P<0.01).The age was 15-40 years old,the score of the questionnaire was higher,the age was>40 years old,and the score of the questionnaire was lower;the score of the questionnaire was related to the residence of the respondents(P<0.01),and the score of the knowledge questionnaire of urban residents was higher than that of rural residents;the score of the questionnaire was correlated with the level of education(P<0.01).The higher the level of education,the higher the awareness rate of mental health knowledge;the score of the questionnaire was related to the respondents’occupation(P<0.01).The more ways to obtain mental health knowledge in occupation,the higher the awareness rate of mental health knowledge.From the case test results,the cognitive accuracy of residents in Fujian province was low,especially for schizophrenia with negative symptoms,which was only 5.39%.Conclusion The awareness rate of mental health popular science knowledge among the general population in Fuzhou city reached the national level,a
作者
陈智慧
熊端华
CHEN Zhi-hui;XIONG Duan-hua(Fuzhou Neuropsychiatric Hospital of Fujian Province,Fuzhou,Fujian,350001 China)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2022年第2期100-103,共4页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
关键词
普通人群
精神卫生
问卷调查
General population
Mental health
Questionnaire survey
