摘要
母乳中含有丰富的唾液酸成分,大多数唾液酸是以与人乳低聚糖(HMOs)结合的形式存在。已有报道称唾液酸可以促进婴儿大脑和神经系统的发育,但唾液酸的代谢机制和生物功能并不十分清晰。唾液酸作为母乳中的一种有效营养成分,受到越来越多的关注。唾液酸化的母乳聚糖可促进有益微生物群的生长和新陈代谢,益于婴幼儿肠道健康和免疫功能。唾液酸化的母乳聚糖还具有抗病毒活性,在新生儿肠道的黏膜中具有抑菌作用,能抑制微生物对宿主细胞的黏附,对细菌、病毒和真菌有直接的细胞毒性作用。此外,唾液酸化的母乳聚糖在调节肠道菌群平衡和保护新生儿炎症性疾病方面也起着重要作用。本文综述了唾液酸化母乳聚糖对新生儿肠道微生态的调节作用及研究现状,并讨论了微生物对唾液酸代谢、唾液酸酶和唾液酸转移酶的作用以及唾液酸的生物合成及其在食品添加剂和医学领域的应用前景。
Breast milk is rich in sialic acids, and most sialic acids exists in the form of combination with oligosaccharides and glycoproteins. At present, it has been reported that sialic acids can promote the development of infant′s brain and nervous system, but the metabolic mechanism and biological function of sialic acids are not known very clearly. Sialic acids, as an effective nutrient in breast milk, has received more and more attention. Sialylated breast milk glycans can promote the growth and metabolism of beneficial microbiota, and are beneficial to the intestinal health and immune function of infants. Sialylated breast milk glycans also have antiviral activity, has bacteriostatic function in intestinal mucosa of newborns, can inhibit the adhesion of microorganisms to host cells, and has direct cytotoxic effect on bacteria, viruses and fungi. In addition, sialylated breast milk glycans also play an important role in regulating intestinal microbiota balance and protecting neonatal from inflammatory diseases. In this article, we reviewed the regulation of sialylated breast milk glycans on intestinal microecology of newborns and the current research status, and discussed the importance of microorganisms to sialic acids metabolism, sialidase and sialyltransferase, as well as the biosynthesis of sialic acids and its application prospect in food additives and medical fields.
作者
王玉双
李欣珂
范青杰
刘赫
李文哲
袁杰力
李明
WANG Yu-shuang;LI Xin-ke;FAN Qing-jie;LIU He;LI Wen-zhe;YUAN Jie-li;LI Ming(Dalian Medical University,Dalian,Liaoning 116044,China)
出处
《中国微生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2022年第2期241-245,F0003,共6页
Chinese Journal of Microecology
基金
国家自然科学基金(31900920)
大连市科技创新基金项目(2020JJ27SN068)。
关键词
唾液酸
母乳聚糖
新生儿
肠道菌群
Sialic acids
Breast milk glycans
Newborn
Intestinal microbiota
