摘要
随着国土空间规划体系改革与重构,水环境安全、适灾空间规划、韧性城市建设等内容成为保障国土空间安全的热点,对空间规划与风险管理提出持续不断的调整与学习、有效适应灾害等新的要求。文章基于应对洪涝灾害的规划趋势,围绕洪水资源、洪泛土地与社会行动方面,梳理了洪涝灾害的风险学习与资源管理、洪泛区的情景模拟与用地管制、管理体系优化与社区治理等国际规划经验。在此基础上,面向国土空间总体规划的流域专项、省级层面、市县层面,分别提出洪涝情景模拟与淹没范围划定、生态单元规划与重大防洪设施布局、国土承灾风险等级划分与功能管控、绿色空间适灾配置、项目选址避灾引导、分阶段社区应灾体系构建等洪涝适应性策略,形成国土空间安全语境下的洪涝适应性规划框架。以期强化各层级国土空间总体规划之间的纵向传导与横向衔接,为开展适应洪涝灾害的规划实践工作提供思路借鉴。
In the context of the establishment of a spatial planning system,water environment safety,disaster-resilient space design,resilient city construction have all become hotspots for assuring territorial security,necessitating constant adjustments and learning in spatial planning and risk management.Different levels of territorial spatial master plans have presented relevant requirements,aims,and measures in response to flooding,according to the most recent guidelines for the production of territorial spatial master plans and related practices.Flood disaster response in cities and regions is no longer limited to controlling rivers and coasts by constructing a large number of engineering measures,but rather involves collaborating with water management,transportation,regional planning,and other departments,implementing various non-engineering measures,and planning for flood prevention and mitigation with risk management thinking.However,these measures are still in the status of a current situation assessment,and specific disaster response planning measures essentially continue the content of infrastructure and disaster prevention planning.How to reflect the conduct and continuity of planning measures in the master plan of land space at various levels must be considered and improved.The paper firstly discusses the planning trends in response to flooding:1)the concept of planning shifts from“technical strength”to“active adaptation”;2)the planning scope extends from“intra-city”to“inter-city”;3)the content of planning ranges from“space planning”to“space governance”;4)the planning technology improves from“current state analysis”to“future foresight”;5)the participating parties change from“government organization”to“multi-agency collaboration”.Furthermore,the paper focuses on flood resources,floodplains,and social actions,combing out international experiences with flood risk learning and resources management,scenario simulation of floodplain and land use control,management optimization,
作者
吴宇彤
彭翀
舒建峰
WU Yutong;PENG Chong;SHU Jianfeng
出处
《西部人居环境学刊》
CSCD
2022年第1期15-21,共7页
Journal of Human Settlements in West China
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目资助(51778253)
中央高校基本科研业务费资助(2019WKZDJC010)。
关键词
国土空间安全
洪涝适应性
空间规划
风险管理
Territorial Space Security
Flood Adaptation
Spatial Planning
Risk Management
