摘要
Conjunctival papilloma is an acquired benign squamous cell tumor that can present at any age,but most frequently in the third and fourth decades of life.Papillomas have been associated with human papilloma virus(HPV)infection,usually types 6 and 11.Although histopathological diagnosis remains the gold standard,the advent of newer non-invasive imaging modalities such as optical coherence tomography(OCT)is transforming the way we diagnose and treat ocular surface tumors,including conjunctival papilloma.Management of these lesions can prove a challenge to the treating physician since not all lesions respond to medical and/or surgical therapy and in fact may worsen after surgical manipulation.In this review,the epidemiology,pathophysiology,clinical characteristics,and diagnosis of conjunctival papilloma including the use of OCT are discussed.Indications,efficacy,and side effects of currently available management options are also reviewed to guide the selection of the best treatment approach.
基金
NIH Center Core Grant P30EY014801
RPB Unrestricted Award and Career Development Awards,Department of Defense(DOD-Grant#W81XWH-09-1-0675)
The Dr.Ronald and Alicia Lepke Grant,The Lee and Claire Hager Grant,The Jimmy and Gaye Bryan Grant,The H.Scott Huizenga Grant,The Grant and Diana Stanton-Thornbrough,The Robert Baer Family Grant,The Emilyn Page and Mark Feldberg Grant,The Jose Ferreira de Melo Grant,Richard and Kathy Lesser Grant,and the Richard Azar Family Grant(institutional grants).
