摘要
贵州省兴仁市是中国最大的薏苡产地,且薏苡是重要杂粮作物,目前薏苡秸秆处置资源化利用程度低。为提高秸秆资源化利用率,对薏苡秸秆组成成分分析,调查秸秆资源化利用现状,分析资源化利用难点并提出建议。结果显示:薏苡秸秆成分中,主要有纤维素(37.47%),半纤维素(22.70%),木质素(13.44%),粗蛋白(8.08%),粗灰分(9.10%)。研究区薏苡秸秆目前主要利用方式为:焚烧及丢弃(82%),直接还田(9%),饲料(8%),造纸、编织原材料(1%),焚烧及丢弃为主要处置方式,造成了资源浪费和环境污染。根据成分分析结果,薏苡秸秆用于造纸、编织原材料,动物饲料等较为适宜。问卷分析调查发现,秸秆资源化利用率低的主要原因是:农户意识不强;经济投资高、回报率低;劳动力不足等。应加强宣传教育,加大政府扶持的力度,培育秸秆资源化利用企业,以提高薏苡秸秆资源化利用率。
Xingren,Guizhou province,is the largest coix producing area in China,and coix is an important coarse grain crop.In order to improve the utilization rate of straw resources,the composition of coixlachryma-jobi straw was analyzed,the utilization status of straw resources was investigated,and the difficulties were analyzed and suggestions were put forward.The results showed that cellulose,hemicellulose,lignin,crude protein and ash were 37.47%,22.70%,13.44%,8.08%and 9.10%in composition respectively.The main utilization methods of Coix straw were burning and discarding(82%),returning directly to the field(9%),fodder(8%),paper making and weaving raw materials(1%),and burning and discarding were the main disposal methods,resulting in waste of resources and environmental pollution.According to the results of composition analysis,coix straw is suitable for paper making,knitting raw materials and animal feed.The survey results showed that the main cause of the low utilization rate of resources are as follows:farmers’weak consciousness,high economic investment and low rate of return,labor shortage,etc.Therefore,we should promote and enhance environmental education,and strengthen government support to enterprises that could improve the utilization rate of coix straw resources.
作者
刘芳
刘鸿雁
叶苹苹
刘玉琳
常森
龚俊杰
Liu Fang;Liu Hongyan;Ye Pingping;Liu Yulin;Chang Sen;Gong Junjie(College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025)
出处
《环保科技》
2022年第1期17-22,共6页
Environmental Protection and Technology
基金
贵州大学“SRT计划”项目基金,贵州大学“大学生创新创业训练计划”项目基金。
关键词
薏苡秸秆
处置
成分分析
调查
资源化利用
coix straw
disposal
component analysis
survey
resource-orient utilization
