摘要
在周代,贵族在饮酒礼彻俎环节之后有脱鞋登堂的行为。《仪礼》中称“说屦”,秦汉以后称“解履”。解履是当时人们在席居生活方式下,对原始生活习俗的保留。日常生活中,弟子侍奉师长时,弟子需要解履于户外,然后方可入室。行饮酒礼时,宾主需要解履登堂燕饮。饮酒礼中,只有特定的人群可以解履登堂燕饮,而等级较低的士阶层和从事服务的厮役则不解履。饮酒礼彻俎之后的解履行为,是将室内的习俗借鉴到礼仪活动中,体现了“由俗入礼”的礼学发展路径。该行为彰显了统治阶级内部的亲密、团结,并区分出不解履的士及厮役,以此强化了尊卑有别的等级观念。周代饮酒礼中的解履行为,一方面维护了统治阶级内部的团结,另一方面区别了不同等级之间的亲疏,反映了“情义兼尽”的礼学思想。
in the Zhou Dynasty,nobles took off their shoes and went to the court after drinking.In Yili,it is called"Shuo",and after Qin and Han Dynasties,it is called"Jie Lu".Jie Lu was the reservation of the original life customs under the way of seat living at that time.In daily life,when disciples serve teachers,they need to take off their shoes outdoors before entering the room.During the drinking ceremony,the host and guest need to take off their shoes and board the hall to drink.In the drinking ceremony,only a specific group of people can take part in the drinking ceremony,while the lower level taxi class and the servants engaged in service do not understand the drinking ceremony.The behavior of removing the shoes after drinking the rites is to draw lessons from the indoor customs into the ritual activities,which reflects the development path of"from vulgarity to rites".This behavior shows the intimacy and unity within the ruling class,and distinguishes the low-level nobles,so as to strengthen the concept of hierarchy.On the one hand,the behavior of removing the shoes in the drinking ceremony of the Zhou Dynasty maintained the unity within the ruling class,on the other hand,it distinguished the intimacy and estrangement between different levels,and reflected the ritual thought of"both friendship and order".
作者
高明凯
Gao Mingkai(Institute of Ancient Books,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)
出处
《荆楚学刊》
2022年第1期31-37,44,共8页
Jingchu Academic Journal
基金
国家社会科学基金“冷门”绝学和国别史等研究专项“《周礼》郑注的考古学研究”(19VJX070)。
关键词
周代
《仪礼》
饮酒礼
由俗入礼
Zhou Dynasty
Yili
Drinking ceremony
From vulgarity to ceremony
