摘要
玉匠墓是古蜀文化中特殊人群的丧葬习俗,商代晚期早段即已出现,盛行于商代晚期至西周早期,西周中期后消失。玉匠墓以随葬大量形制相近的玉石条为特征,玉石条数量差异体现出墓主身份或地位的差异。玉匠墓特殊的埋葬习俗和社会地位显示古蜀社会基于专业分工而形成的特殊社会结构,凸显以玉匠群体为代表的"技术精英"在古蜀社会中的特殊地位,它是古蜀社会发达神权体系的产物,随着玉器在古蜀社会影响式微,该群体逐渐退出历史舞台。
Graves of jade craftsmen refer to the funeral practice reserved for specialists in ancient Shu culture, which occurred as early as in the early stage of late Shang, became widespread in the Late Shang to Early Western Zhou, and disappeared after the Middle Western Zhou. The graves are characterized by the use of large quantities of jade strips in similar shapes as mortuary goods and the number of jade strips seems to relate to the tomb occupant’s status or identity. The unique burial practice suggests that ancient Shu societies were formed on the division of labor and that craft specialists(jade craftsmen in particular) played a special role in ancient Shu societies. The social structure develops from an advanced theocracy and, as the role of jade artifacts decreased in ancient Shu societies, so did the jade craftsmen in history.
作者
周志清
ZHOU Zhiqing(Chengdu,Sichuan 610072)
出处
《江汉考古》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第6期162-171,共10页
Jianghan Archaeology
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“古蜀地区文明化华夏化进程研究”(批准号:21&ZD223)
国家文物局“考古中国”重大项目“川渝地区巴蜀文明进程研究”阶段性成果。
关键词
玉匠墓
古蜀文明
金沙遗址
聚落
社会分化
技术精英
graves of jade craftsmen
ancient Shu civilization
Jinsha site
settlement
social differentiation
technological elites
