摘要
目的:为及时了解2020年辽宁地区玉米的质量状况,为中央储备玉米收购提供科学依据,对新收获玉米质量情况进行监测。方法:本次监测采取田间取样为主、庭院取样为辅的方法进行,本着有代表性和重点突出的原则选择3~5个乡,每乡选择3~5个自然村,每个村选择不少于5个有代表性的农户。将所采集的村级样品混合均匀,形成一份样品。共采集样品416份,代表数量244.23万t。按照玉米国家标准方法进行检测,主要检测容重、不完善粒、霉变粒及脂肪酸值等主要的质量和品质指标,并对检测结果进行分析。结果:2020年辽宁地区采集的玉米样品全部为3等及3等以上,平均容重为730 g·L^(-1),比2019年平均容重低8 g·L^(-1)。玉米不完善粒含量为2.9%,霉变粒为1%,比2019年分别高出0.9、0.4个百分点。玉米脂肪酸平均值为29.1 mg/100 g,比2019年高1.2 mg/100 g。结论:通过质量监测分析,2020年辽宁玉米质量略低于2019年,原因为辽宁地区普遍受到台风影响,造成农作物倒伏,籽粒灌浆不饱满,成熟度差、霉变粒增加,但影响不大,2020年辽宁地区玉米质量仍然较好,符合中央储备玉米收购和储存要求。
Objective:In order to keep abreast of the quality of corn in Liaoning in 2020,provide a scientific basis for the central reserve corn purchase,and monitor the quality of newly harvested corn.Method:This monitoring is carried out mainly by field sampling and supplemented by courtyard sampling.Based on the principle of representative and prominent key points,3~5 townships are selected,3~5 natural villages in each township,and each village chooses no less than 5 representative farmers.The collected village-level samples were mixed evenly to form one sample.A total of 416 samples were collected,representing 2442300 tons.The test was conducted according to the national standard methods of corn,mainly testing the capacity weight,imperfect grain,mildew grain,the main quality and fatty acid value,and the test results were analyzed.Result:In 2020,all corn samples collected in Liaoning were grade 3 and above,and the average capacity weight was 730 g·L^(-1),which was 8 g·L^(-1) lower than that in 2019.The imperfect grain content of corn was 2.9%and the mildew grain was 1%,0.9 and 0.4 percentage points higher than that in 2019.The mean fatty acid value in maize was 29.1 mg/100 g,1.2 mg/100 g higher than in 2019.Conclusion:Through quality monitoring and analysis,Liaoning corn in 2020 was slightly lower than 2019,because the region was generally affected by typhoons,causing lodging of crops,insufficient grain filling,poor maturity and mildew,but the impact was small.The quality of Liaoning corn in 2020 is still good and meets the requirements of acquisition and storage of corn in the central reserve.
作者
纪立波
JI Libo(Liaoning Sinograin Grain and Oil Quality Supervision Center Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110034,China)
出处
《现代食品》
2022年第4期1-4,共4页
Modern Food
关键词
新收获玉米
质量监测
辽宁地区
newly harvested corn
quality monitoring
Liaoning area
