摘要
本文基于全球化视野,重新审视英国工业革命的发生,认为易获取的廉价煤炭是英国区别于其他国家的一项重要因素,对工业革命至关重要。因煤炭开采和应用所产生的难题的解决,开启了持续的技术创新,其影响远超出了煤炭工业范围,导致英国经济与社会的整体扩展。同时,工业革命不仅是从工场手工业到机械大工业的变革,更是人类能源利用方式的变革——从有机能源到化石能源的转变,它使英国突破了当时的能源瓶颈,走出"马尔萨斯陷阱"。
Based on the perspective of globalization, this paper reexamines the British Industrial Revolution. It is believed that the easy acquisition of the coal was a vital factor in the industrial revolution in the UK. The problems and their solutions arising from the exploitation and application of coal have stimulated continuous technological innovation. The technological revolution brought by this has far exceeded the scope of coal industry, which is an example of the overall expansion of the UK economy and society. At the same time, the industrial revolution is not only a change from the handicraft industry to the machinery industry, but also a revolution in the way of energy use-from organic energy to fossil energy. It has enabled the UK to break through the energy bottleneck at that time and effectively solve the economic constraints of organic matter.
作者
刘晓君
张迪
LIU Xiao-jun;ZHANG Di(School of Marxism,China University of Mining&Technology,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《自然辩证法研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第2期79-85,共7页
Studies in Dialectics of Nature
关键词
煤炭
工业革命
技术创新
外部效应
coal
Industrial Revolution
technological innovation
externalities
