摘要
枳壳是我国常用中药,药用历史悠久。通过查阅本草文献,对枳壳名称、基原、功效、道地产区以及混伪品5个方面进行考证,枳壳经历了“枳壳”“只壳”“奴隷”“商壳”“洞庭奴隷”等名称,现正名为枳壳。基源为芸香科植物酸橙Citrus aurantium L.的未成熟果实。功效首载于唐代《药性论》,记载其“理气”“消食”“治痔疾”“消积”的功效,经历代本草补充修正,现认为其能理气宽中、行滞消胀。道地产区自唐代起为陕西,宋明时向南扩张至河南、江西、浙江等地,清朝向西扩张至甘肃,民国时产区向南迁移至四川、福建等地。现主要栽培于浙江、江西、湖南、四川等省。枳壳主要混伪品为枸橘。为枳壳正本清源,并为其资源利用提供参考依据。
Aurantii Fructus(AF)has been used as a common Chinese traditional and herbal medicine for a long-term history.Through a herbal textual research on the appellation,origin,efficacy,genuine producing area and counterfeit of AF,the evolution of its appellation underwent“Zhi Qiao”,and other alternative names,including“Shang Qiao,Nu li,and Dong Ting Nu li”,and now officially named“Zhi Qiao”.The basic plant morphology of AF is the immediate fruit of Citrus aurantium L..Functions of AF was firstly recorded for regulating qi,helping digestion,treating hemorrhoids and removing food retention in Yao Xing Lun.After undergoing supplementation and modification of herbal medicine,it is now believed that it can be used for regulating the qi-flowing for activating stagnancy and eliminating swelling.The genuine producing areas of AF were Shanxi province during the Tang Dynasty,then they were gradually moved southward to Henan,Jiangxi,Zhejiang provinces during the Tang Dynasty.During Qing Dynasty,it further extended to Gansu Province.Now,it was mainly distributed in Zhejiang,Jiangxi,Hunan,Sichuan Provinces.Its counterfeits mainly included Poncirus trifoliata.Based on a systematic herbal textual research,this article takes a radical reform of AF,so as to provide reference for its further development and utilization.
作者
王诗语
郑浩
秦晔
秦路平
朱波
WANG Shi-yu;ZHENG Hao;QIN Ye(School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 311400)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2022年第5期156-160,183,共6页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
关键词
枳壳
本草考证
名称
基原
功效
道地产区
Aurantii Fructus
Herbal textual research
Appellation
Origin
Efficacy
Genuine producing area
