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枝蔓牵引对金艳猕猴桃生长的影响 被引量:3

Effect of traction of branches on the growth of Jinyan kiwifruit
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摘要 【目的】探究枝蔓牵引对金艳猕猴桃生长的影响。【方法】以10年生金艳猕猴桃为试验材料,2018—2019年连续2 a(年)对当年生枝蔓进行牵引处理,研究其对新梢生长、叶片光合能力、花芽分化、果实品质和产量的影响。【结果】与对照(CK)相比,牵引处理使新梢生长更长(增加24.4%),更加均匀,中等粗度枝段(直径6~10 mm)比例增加106.5%;牵引层叶片的光合气体交换参数以及结果层叶片的光合色素含量增加,提高了牵引层、结果层叶片光合能力;处理树结果母枝上的芽数显著增加,是对照的1.57倍;果实品质无显著差异,但处理树单株产量达到了102.6 kg,是对照的2.03倍。直径在6~10 mm的当年生枝芽中玉米素(ZR)含量、ZR与赤霉素(GA_(3))的比值及碳氮比显著高于直径大于10 mm枝的芽;直径6~10 mm结果母枝上冬芽的萌芽率和花芽率均显著高于直径大于10 mm结果母枝。【结论】枝蔓牵引处理增加了有利于花芽分化的当年生枝蔓生长量,从而显著提高果实产量,此外,提高了叶片光合能力,有利于保证果实品质。综上所述,枝蔓牵引是金艳猕猴桃高产优质的栽培模式。 【Objective】In recent years, kiwifruit industry has been developing rapidly. Although kiwifruit planting area and output in China rank the first in the world, the industry is still inferior to that in developed countries in terms of fruit productivity, fruit qualities, and cultivation levels. In order to improve the yield, quality, cultivation pattern and international competitiveness of Chinese kiwifruit, the effects of branch-traction on the growth of Jinyan kiwifruit were studied.【Methods】Current-year branches in 10-year-old Jinyan kiwifruit trees were used as test materials for traction treatment carried out in 2018 to 2019. The effects of branch traction on changes in the lengths and diameters of annual branches during growing periods, budding and flower bud rates of shoots with different diameters were recorded;photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and contents of photosynthetic pigments were analyzed in traction layers, fruiting layers and control groups;fruit qualities, endogenous hormone contents, and carbon to nitrogen ratio were determined for buds on annual branches with different diameters.【Results】Compared with the control, the traction treatment significantly increased the growth of current year branches by 24.4% during the growing period and the proportion of medium diameter branches(6-10 mm diameter) increased by 106.5%, and the growth of the thickest branches(>10 mm diameter) reduced, resulting in more uniform new branches in terms of stem thickness. Besides, the photosynthetic gas exchange parameters of leaves in the traction layer increased significantly, but there was no significant difference in the leaves of the fruit layer. In addition, the chlorophyll a/b ratio of the leaves in the fruiting layer was significantly lower than that of CK. Furthermore, the number of buds on fruit-bearing base branches of the treated trees increased significantly, reaching 1.57 times of CK. Although there were no significant differences in external and internal fruit qualities of kiwifruit, the yi
作者 李尧 张坤 周源洁 刘芯伶 夏惠 邓红红 梁东 LI Yao;ZHANG Kun;ZHOU Yuanjie;LIU Xinling;XIA Hui;DENG Honghong;LIANG Dong(College of Horticulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 6lll130,Sichuan,China)
出处 《果树学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2022年第3期406-415,共10页 Journal of Fruit Science
关键词 猕猴桃 枝蔓牵引 花芽分化 果实品质和产量 Kiwifruit Branch traction Flower bud differentiation Fruit quality and yield
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