摘要
目的分析中国18~49岁育龄女性零食消费率的变化和影响因素,了解育龄女性零食消费者和非零食消费者的能量和营养素摄入量差异及零食对能量和营养素的贡献情况。方法数据来源于"中国健康与营养调查",该项目采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取样本。选择参加2004—2015年调查、有完整人口学特征和膳食调查记录的18~49岁非孕期女性作为研究对象,共12 523名纳入分析(2004、2006、2009、2011和2015年分别为2376、2149、2142、2844和3012名)。采用Logistic回归方法分析影响零食消费率的主要因素,采用广义线性模型分析零食消费者和非零食消费者的能量和营养素摄入量情况,以及摄入的零食对能量和营养素的贡献比例。结果 2004—2015年中国育龄女性的零食消费率呈上升趋势(P;<0.05),2015年零食消费率达14.24%,是2004年的3.5倍。18~29岁女性的零食消费率高于其他年龄组,是育龄女性最主要的零食消费群体;较高的文化程度、收入水平和城市化指数得分者,以及吸烟和饮酒者的零食消费率较高。影响育龄女性消费零食的因素逐渐改变,年龄、收入水平、受教育程度、居住地区、吸烟和饮酒是影响育龄女性零食消费的重要因素。育龄女性零食消费者每日能量和营养素摄入量高于非零食消费者;零食对能量和营养素的贡献比例在各调查年间有显著的差异,其中2011年零食对能量和主要营养素的贡献高于20%。结论零食已经成为中国育龄女性膳食的重要组成部分。
OBJECTIVE To describe shift in snacking behavior among Chinese female adults aged 18 to 49 years old in 2004-2015, and to analyze the contribution of snacks to energy and nutrients among them. METHODS The present study used data from “China Health and Nutrition Health” where a multistage stratified cluster design was employed to select a stratified probability sample. A total of 12 523 female participants aged 18-49 years old who participated in surveys conducted in 2004-2015 with completed data of demographic characteristics and dietary measurementswere selectedas subjects.There were 2376, 2149, 2142, 2844 and 3012 subjects in waves of 2004, 2006, 2009, 2011, and 2015, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between socioeconomic factors and snack consumption. Generalized linear model was used to analyze the energy and nutrient intake of snack consumers and non-snack consumers, as well as the contribution of snacks to energy and nutrients. RESULTS The consumption rate of snacking for women aged 18 to 49 years old had an increasing trend over time(P<0.05), and the rate was 14.24% in 2015, 3.5 times as high as that in 2004. Participants aged 18 to 29 years old whose snake consumption rates were relatively higher compared to those of other aged groups in general waves;also, female adults from the higher education group, the higher yearly income group, and the higher urbanicity index group, and those with the history of smoking or the alcohol use tended to consumed snacks. The change of the influential factors in relation to the consumption of the participant’s snack was observed, and age, income level, education level, living area, and the behavior of smoking and drinking were all important factors of snacking. The daily energy and nutrient intake of female snack consumers aged 18 to 49 years old was higher than that of non-snack consumers. The contribution rate of snacks to energy and nutrients varies significantly between survey years;and the contribution of
作者
黄秋敏
贾小芳
欧阳一非
姜红如
张兵
王惠君
王柳森
王志宏
Huang Qiumin;Jia Xiaofang;Ouyang Yifei;Jiang Hongru;Zhang Bing;Wang Huijun;Wang Liusen;Wang Zhihong(National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)
出处
《卫生研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期32-38,共7页
Journal of Hygiene Research
基金
财政拨款项目“中国居民营养状况变迁的队列研究”(No.13103110700015005)
中国育龄期女性膳食及营养状况变化研究。
关键词
膳食调查
零食消费
饮食行为
影响因素
dietary survey
snacking
eating behavior
influential factors
