摘要
本文对已有的环境和生物样品中微塑料颗粒的检测方法的原理、技术特征和应用进行综述。主要技术和方法包括基于显微和成像的形貌分析、基于光谱的分子结构和元素组成分析、基于热裂解的塑料反应特征和产物分析;不同样品基质中的不同塑料的检测方法多样化,且结果差异很大;对于复杂基质样品,缺乏能同时满足分析微米到纳米尺寸颗粒的形态、复合塑料成分、微量和痕量浓度等要求的技术方法。当样品制备过程限制颗粒尺寸后,基于热裂解与气相色谱–质谱(GC-MS)联用的技术有望发展成为通用方法,优化热裂解条件,并结合高通量的产物检测技术可能满足复杂环境样品中微量和痕量塑料的分析。
To summarize studies on detections of microplastic particles in environmental and biological samples. The reported methods′ theory, methodology, technical characteristics, and application were described and their main advantages/disadvantages and research directions were discussed. Major technologies for detections of microplastic particles in environmental and biological samples include microscope-and imaging-based particle morphological characterization, light spectrum-based plastic molecular and atomic analysis, pyrolysis-based reaction characteristics and products analysis and other analytical methods. There are great disparities in detection results of microplastic particles in various types samples using different methods;as yet there is no a method which could meet simultaneous analysis on morphology, composition,and trace concentration of micro-and nano-plastic particles in complex samples. While, pyrolysis-based gas chromatographymass spectrometry could be employed as a general analysis on particles with specific size in prepared samples;combined with pyrolytic condition optimization and utilization of high-throughput mass spectrometry detector, the method could be applied to detections of trace plastic in various environmental and biological samples.
作者
高洪影
申河清
GAO Hong-ying;SHEN He-qing(Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen,Fujian Province 361021,China;不详)
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期122-128,共7页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
国家自然科学基金(91543113,21777157)。
关键词
微米塑料颗粒
纳米塑料颗粒
环境检测
micro-plastic particle
nano-plastic particle
environmental detection
