摘要
目的了解2019年云浮市重点行业企业生产性噪声危害的现状。方法采用现场流行病学调查和抽样检测方法对重点行业企业噪声危害情况进行调查和监测,评估劳动者噪声暴露水平及健康影响。结果2019年监测重点行业企业94家,其中工作场所噪声检测点1023个,噪声强度为(84.1±5.6)dB(A),≥85 dB(A)的检测点占42.2%;工作岗位噪声检测点286个,岗位噪声L_(EX,40h)强度为(83.9±4.0)dB(A),超标检测点86个,总体超标率30.1%,主要集中于陶瓷生产、五金制造业和石材加工企业,超标率分别为52.4%、33.3%和31.3%;接触噪声危害劳动者8118人,占47.8%,主要集中于陶瓷生产业、五金制造业和石材加工企业,其噪声危害接触率均高达50%以上。接触噪声危害劳动者职业健康检查人数5152名,健康检查率为63.5%,异常检出率为8.2%,异常检出企业主要分布于陶瓷生产(19.9%)和小型企业(16.9%)。结论2019年云浮市重点行业企业生产性噪声危害严重,职业健康检查率低,异常检出率偏高;应加强陶瓷生产、五金制造和石材加工等重点行业重点岗位的噪声危害治理,强化对小微型企业的监督管理。
Objective To understand the status of production noise hazards in key industry enterprises in Yunfu City in 2019.Methods The field epidemiological survey and sampling detection method were used to investigate and monitor the noise hazards in key industry enterprises,to assess the noise exposure level and health impact of workers.Results Totally 94 enterprises in key industry were monitored in 2019.Among 1023 noise detection points in the workplace,the noise intensity was(84.1±5.6)dB(A),and the detection points with the noise intensity≥85 dB(A)accounted for 42.2%.Among 286 noise detection points of work posts,the noise intensity L_(EX,40) hwas(83.9±4.0)dB(A),86 posts exceeded the standard,with the overall over-standard rate of 30.1%,which mainly concentrated in ceramic production,hardware manufacturing and stone processing enterprises,with the over-standard rate of 52.4%,33.3% and 31.3%,respectively.There were 8118 workers exposed to noise,accounting for 47.8%,mainly concentrating in ceramic production,hardware manufacturing and stone processing enterprises,and the exposure rates of noise hazards were as high as 50%.5152 workers exposed to noise hazards underwent occupational health examination,with a physical examination rate of 63.5% and an abnormal detection rate of 8.2%.The abnormal cases were mainly distributed in ceramic production enterprises(19.9%)and small enterprises(16.9%).Conclusion The production noise hazard of key industry enterprises in Yunfu City in 2019 is serious,with the low occupational health examination rate and the higher abnormal detection rate,so the noise hazard control of key positions in key industries should be strengthened,especially in ceramic production,hardware manufacturing and stone processing industries,and the supervision and management of small enterprises should be reinforced.
作者
苏小棠
陈继超
陈小月
黄钦海
SU Xiao-tang;CHEN Ji-chao;CHEN Xiao-yue;HUA NG Qing-hai(Department of Occupational Health and Radiation Health,Yunfu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yunfu Guangdong,527300,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2022年第1期5-8,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
重点行业
生产性噪声
职业危害
监测
云浮市
Key industries
Production noise
Occupational hazards
Monitoring
Yunfu City
