摘要
干旱缺水影响玉米产量,提高燕山丘陵区春玉米子粒产量及水分利用效率具有重要意义。覆膜可减少土壤水分蒸发、改善水分条件。于2017—2018年开展玉米田间试验,设置不覆膜(CK)、行上覆膜、行间覆膜和全膜双垄沟播4个处理,测定土壤含水率、玉米生育期、土壤容重、玉米产量及产量影响因素,计算土壤贮水量、耗水量和水分利用效率。结果表明,各处理间0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层土壤含水率变化趋势一致,最高均为全膜双垄沟播处理。全膜双垄沟播的玉米子粒产量和穗长、穗粗、穗粒数和千粒重等产量构成因素最高。全膜双垄沟播种植模式可延长玉米生育期,提高水分利用效率,显著增加玉米子粒产量,适宜在干旱少雨地区应用。
Drought and water shortage affect maize yield,and it is of great significance to improve grain yield and water use efficiency of spring maize in hilly areas of Yanshan.Film mulching can reduce soil water evaporation and improve water conditions.The field experiment of maize was carried out in 2017—2018.Four treatments,including no film mulching(CK),film mulching on rows,film mulching between rows and all-film double-furrow sowing,were set up.The soil moisture content,maize growth period,soil bulk density,maize yield and yield influencing factors were measured,and the soil water storage,water consumption and water use efficiency were calculated.The results showed that the change trend of soil moisture content in 0~20 cm and 20~40 cm soil layers was the same among all treatments,and the highest was the treatment of all-film double-furrow sowing.The maize grain yield,ear length,ear diameter,number of grains per ear and 1000 grain weight of all-film double-furrow sowing were the highest.All-film double-furrow sowing planting mode could prolong the growth period of maize,improve water use efficiency and significantly increase maize grain yield,which was suitable for application in arid and rainless areas.
作者
董喆
边丽梅
郑伟
张丽妍
张昊
孟繁盛
DONG Zhe;BIAN Li-mei;ZHENG Wei;ZHANG Li-yan;ZHANG Hao;MENG Fan-sheng(Chifeng Institute of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Chifeng 024031,Inner Mongolia,China)
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2022年第3期32-35,95,共5页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
基金
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助
国家重点研发计划粮食丰产增效科技创新专项(2017YFD0300801,2018YFD0300403)
内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2019ZD009)。
关键词
玉米
覆膜方式
产量
水分利用效率
maize
film mulching method
yield
water use efficiency
