摘要
非金属复合材料是一种低密度、高强度、高模量的高性能材料,目前已经成为航天卫星上不可或缺的关键结构材料。但与此同时,该类材料也是一种极难加工的各向异性非均质材料,采用传统的接触式方法加工易产生崩边、分层、起毛、撕裂等问题。激光制造技术作为一种开始逐步走向实用化的先进制造技术,具有材料去除能力强、加工精度高、损伤可控等一系列优点,是一种实现非金属复合材料高性能加工、满足现有和未来需求的理想方法。本文围绕航空航天领域应用较为广泛的碳纤维复合材料、芳纶纤维复合材料和陶瓷基复合材料,系统地综述了国内外激光加工非金属复合材料的研究与应用进展。其中技术分支涉及切割、制孔、铣削刻蚀、清洗等实体减材制造技术。最后对非金属复合材料激光加工方法的未来研究重点和工程应用前景进行了总结与展望。
Nonmetallic composite is a kind of high-performance material with low density,high stiffness and high strength.At present,it has become an indispensable key structural material in aerospace satellites.But at the same time,this kind of material is also an anisotropic heterogeneous material which is very difficult to process.Using the traditional contact method,it is prone to produce problems such as edge collapse,delamination,fuzzing,tearing and so on.As an advanced manufacturing technology gradually moving towards practicality,laser manufacturing technology has a series of advantages,such as strong material removal ability,high machining accuracy and controllable damage.It is an ideal method to realize the high-performance machining of nonmetallic composites and meet the existing and future needs.Focusing on carbon fiber composites,aramid fiber composites and ceramic matrix composites,which are widely used in aerospace field,this paper systematically summarizes the research and application progress of laser processing non-metallic composites.The technology branch involves cutting,hole drilling,milling,etching,cleaning and other material removal manufacturing technologies.Finally,the future research focus and engineering application prospect of laser processing methods for nonmetallic composites are summarized and prospected.
作者
路明雨
张明
张加波
高泽
郝晓明
LU Mingyu;ZHANG Ming;ZHANG Jiabo;GAO Ze;HAO Xiaoming(Beijing Spacecraft,Beijing 100094)
出处
《宇航材料工艺》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第1期30-38,共9页
Aerospace Materials & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(51905531)。
关键词
激光加工
非金属
复合材料
切割制孔
精密铣削
选择性清洗
Laser processing
Nonmetal
Composite
Cutting and drilling
Precision milling
Selective cleaning
