摘要
广西陆川(陈村)方言的“开”,主要用做动词、趋向补语、表“分开”义的结果补语,还可以充当“完毕”义结果补语、动相补语、体标记、重复累加标记、表意外的语气词。“开”的这种多功能分布模式,目前仅发现于广西陆川、博白的部分客家方言点,其语法化轨迹综合了汉语史“了”和普通话“还”的演变路径。早期广东客家话“开”具有“完毕”义结果补语和体标记的用法,但其他功能是客家话扩散到广西之后自身演变发展的结果。桂东南客家话“开”的这些用法,影响了桂东南白话的“开”的功能。
The morpheme [h■i■]开 in Chencun Hakka dialect in Luchuan county,Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region,mainly functions as a verb,a directional complement and a resultative complement denoting SEPARATION.When denoting COMPLETENESS,it can also function as a result complement,a verb complement,an aspect marker,a repetitive accumulation marker,and a mirative-expressing modal particle.Such a multi-function pattern is only found in some Hakka dialects in Luchuan and Bobai counties in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region,whose grammaticalization path is a combination of le 了 and hai 还 in history of Chinese language.Kai 开 in early Hakka dialects in Guangdong province functions as a resultative complement denoting COMPLETENESS and an aspect marker,and other functions of [h■i■]开 in Chencun dialect is a result of autonomous evolution and development after spreading to Guangxi.These functions of Kai 开 in Hakka dialects in southeastern Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region pose influences upon those of Kai 开 in Yue dialects in the very same area.
作者
田春来
周秋伶
TIAN Chunlai;ZHOU Qiuling
出处
《方言》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第1期70-78,共9页
Dialect
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“功能一类型学取向的汉语语义演变研究”(14ZDB098)
国家社科基金西部项目“语言接触视野下的广西客家方言语法研究”(16XYY003)的资助。
关键词
广西陆川陈村
客家话
“开”
语法化
语言接触
Chencun in Luchuan county in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region
Hakka dialect
[h■i■]开
grammaticalization
language contact
