摘要
王阳明讲人人皆有良知,不少人据此推断他会认为“盗贼也有良知”。王阳明曾受命巡抚南、赣、汀、漳,除盗安民,同时也讲君子与小人的对立,并认为那些为不善者,虽然作为人,其本然也有良知,但终究由于“物有不格,意有不诚”而归于小人。而且,王阳明讲人人皆有良知,只是就人之本然而言,不可由此直接推出现实中的盗贼也有良知;他虽然偶尔也以盗贼为例,论证人人皆有良知,但最终并非是要说明“盗贼也有良知”,更多的是强调要致良知,要诚其意,正是要说明并非所有人都能致良知。尤其是,王阳明讲小人“虽曰知之,犹不知也”,明确否定小人之有良知。
Wang Yangming said that everyone had conscience,which is inferred that he would think that“thieves also have conscience”.Wang Yangming was appointed as the governor of Nan,Gan,Ting and Zhang to eliminate thieves and appease the people.He talked about opposite of the gentlemen and the villain,and thought that those who were unkind,although as human beings,also had conscience,and belonged to the villain group due to their lack of sincerity.Moreover,Wang Yangming said that everyone had conscience only in terms of human nature,which cannot be directly inferred that thieves in reality have conscience.Although he occasionally took thieves as an example to demonstrate that everyone has conscience,he did not mean that thieves also have conscience,and he emphasized more on the need for the extension of conscience and sincerity just to show that not everyone can give the extension of conscience.In particular,Wang Yangming thought that villains seem to have,but actually have no conscience.
作者
乐爱国
LE Ai-guo(Department of Philosophy,Xiamen University,Xiamen,Fujian,361005)
出处
《江南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
2022年第1期72-78,共7页
Journal of Jiangnan University：Humanities & Social Sciences Edition
基金
国家社会科学基金后期重点项目“朱熹《论语》学阐释:问题与新意”(19FZXA001)。
关键词
王阳明
良知
盗贼
小人
Wang Yangming
conscience
thieves
villain
