摘要
针对固定式钢轨交流焊机焊前钢轨作用边在对中过程中存在的对中时间长、对中精度低等问题,基于高精度激光传感器与可编程逻辑控制器开展了全自动对中系统研制。采用六个激光测距传感器设计了动夹紧端和静夹紧端钢轨的作用边相对于基准位置的距离检测装置,以实现两对中钢轨作用边的误差数据检测;基于PLC、变频控制器、三相交流电机和涡轮蜗杆减速器等,设计了动端和静端的相对位置调整机构系统硬件;针对对中调整机构硬件的响应实时性状况和机械结构的间隙,研究了自动对中系统中的相关控制算法,采用基于Visual basic开发的上位机监控平台对各种控制算法调试的对中过程进行实时监控和数据测试。自动对中系统运行测试结果分析表明:PD控制算法的控制精度和对中实时性能满足系统的整个焊轨的要求;基于误差大小的变PID参数控制方法能进一步提高系统的精度,缩短全偏差范围内系统的调整时间。
Aiming at the problems such as long centering time and low accuracy during the centering of the line of rail before welding by using stationary rail AC welding machines,a full-automatic centering system was developed based on high precision laser sensors and programmable logic controllers.Six laser sensors were used to design the distance measurement device of the active line of rail at the dynamic clamping end and the static clamping end from the reference position to realize the error data detection of the active line of two rails.Based on PLC,variable frequency controller,three-phase AC motor and turbine worm reducer,the relative position adjustment mechanism system hardware of the moving end and static end was designed.Aiming at the real-time response of the centering adjustment mechanism hardware and the clearance of the mechanical structure,the related control algorithms in the automatic centering system were studied.The upper computer monitoring platform developed based on Visual basic was used for real-time monitoring and data testing of various control algorithm debugging and centering processes.The test results of the automatic centering system show that:the control accuracy and real-time performance of the PD control algorithm meet the requirements of the entire welding rail.The variable PID parameter control method based on the error size can further improve the accuracy of the system and shorten the adjustment time of the system within the full deviation range.
作者
吕柳熙
张曦
吕其兵
陈怀
LYU Liuxi;ZHANG Xi;LYU Qibing;CHEN Huai(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)
出处
《热加工工艺》
北大核心
2022年第1期129-133,137,共6页
Hot Working Technology
