摘要
目的采用现代疾病预防控制理论预测和评估疾病动态,探究手足口病流行趋势及防控措施。方法选择2016—2018年中国疾病预防控制系统传染病报告系统中营口市的4373例手足口病病例为对象,分析发病情况,讨论防控措施。结果4373例手足口病患者中,7月份为发病高峰,占病例总数的41.98%。患者以儿童为主,共3989例,占病例总数的91.22%。其中幼托儿童2127例,占总发病数48.64%,散居儿童1862例,占总发病数的42.58%。发病年龄最小1个月,最大年龄71岁。发病年龄以1~4岁为主,共3184例,占总发病数的72.81%。病例主要分布在鲅鱼圈区,共1390例,占比31.79%。采集病例咽拭子和便样采用荧光定量RT-PCR法检测肠道病毒核酸,并对阳性样本进行病毒分离,共检出阳性结果865份。2016年以CoxA16型为主,占2016年阳性检出的80.60%;2017年以EV71型为主,占2017年阳性检出的95.90%;2018年以其他型别肠道病毒为主,占2018年阳性检出的70.04%。引用营口市2008—2018年手足口病发病率与病原进行比较,发病率与其他通用引物秩相关分析显示,发病率与其他通用引物阳性率呈负相关(r=-0.736,P<0.05)。结论根据手足口病病例的三间分布特征及病原学检测结果,1~4岁儿童手足口病发病居多,7月份为高峰,且其他通用引物阳性率高时,发病率呈下降趋势。在流行期之前制定有针对性的手足口病防治策略,以达到更好的防控效果。
Objective To use modern disease prevention and control theory to predict and evaluate disease trends,explore the epidemic trend and prevention and control measures of hand food and mouth disease(HFMD).Methods A total of 4373 cases of hand,foot and mouth disease in Yingkou city of from 2016 to 2018 were selected to analyze the incidence and discuss prevention and control measures.Results Among 4373 cases of hand,foot and mouth disease patients were divided into peak incidence in July,accounting for 41.98%of the total number of cases.The patients were mainly children,with 3989 cases,accounting for 91.22%of the total number of cases.Among them,there were 2127 children in kindergartens,accounting for 48.64%of the total incidence,and 1862 cases of scattered children,accounting for 42.58%of the total incidence.The minimum age of onset was 1 month,and the maximum age was 71 years old.The age of onset was mainly 1-4 years old,with 3184 cases,accounting for 72.81%of the total incidence number.The cases were mainly distributed in 1390 cases in Bayuquan area,accounting for 31.79%.Case pharyngeal swabs and stool samples were collected by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR method to detect enterovirus nucleic acid,the positive samples were also virus-separated,positive for 865 copies.In 2016,it was mainly of the CoxA16 type,80.60%of positive detection in 2016;in 2017,mainly with type EV71,95.90%of the positive detection in 2017;in 2018,other types of enteroviruses,70.04%of positive detection in 2018.The incidence of HFMD was compared with pathogens from 2008 to 2018,morbidity and other universal primer rank correlation analysis showed that,there was a negative correlation between incidence and other universal primer positive rates(r=-0.736,P<0.05).Conclusion According to the three distribution characteristics of HFMD cases and the pathogen test results,Hand,foot and mouth disease mostly occurs mostly in children aged 1-4,July reached its peak,when other general primers are high,the incidence is declining.Before the epidemic per
作者
肖岩
XIAO Yan(Department of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Yingkou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Liaoning Province,Yingkou 115004,China)
出处
《中国当代医药》
CAS
2022年第5期148-151,155,共5页
China Modern Medicine
关键词
手足口病
三间分布特征
疾病动态
流行趋势
防控措施
Hand foot and mouth disease
Three distribution characteristics
Disease dynamics
Fashion cycle
Control measure
