摘要
γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)是一种天然非蛋白质氨基酸,广泛存在于动物、植物、微生物中,并作为信号分子参与体内多种代谢途径和过程.近年研究发现,γ-氨基丁酸能够有效降低高血压患者的血压,且可以通过长时间的饮食摄入起到预防高血压的作用.番茄(Solanum lycopersicum)作为全世界产量最多的蔬菜之一,在日常饮食中深受消费者的喜爱.此外,它还是水果和蔬菜中GABA含量最多的作物之一.然而番茄中的GABA主要以游离氨基酸的形式存在,在果实绿熟阶段大量积累,而在果实成熟阶段含量则大大降低.目前,通过杂交育种、诱变育种及基因编辑技术可实现番茄果实成熟阶段GABA含量的增加.该文对近年来在番茄GABA育种中的主要研究进展进行了总结分析,并对基因编辑技术在番茄中的应用现状和前景进行了探讨,对如何通过基因编辑技术更好地提高番茄GABA含量进行了展望.
γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)is a kind of natural non-protein amino acid,which widely exists in animals,plants and microorganisms.GABA participates in various metabolic pathways and processes as signal molecules in vivo.Recent studies have found that GABA could effectively reduce blood pressure of patients with hypertension and can prevent hypertension through long-term dietary intake.As one of the most produced vegetables in the world,tomatoe(Solanum lycopersicum)is favored by consumers in their daily diet.In addition,it is also one of the crops with the highest GABA content in fruits and vegetables.However,GABA in tomato mainly exists in free amino acids form,which is greatly accumulated at green fruit stage and greatly reduced at fruit ripening stage.At present,the GABA content in tomato fruit at ripening stage has been increased by hybridization breeding,mutagenesis breeding and gene editing.This paper summarized the researches on tomato GABA breeding in recent years,and discussed the application status and prospect of gene editing technology in tomato.We also put forward the prospect of how to proving tomato GABA content by gene editing technology in the future.
作者
孙星
王文文
卫纯洁
路双
郑志仁
张辉
徐晨曦
汪冲
SUN Xing;WANG Wenwen;WEI Chunjie;LU Shuang;ZHENG Zhiren;ZHANG Hui;XU Chenxi;WANG Chong(College of Life Sciences,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China;Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)
出处
《上海师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
2022年第1期87-93,共7页
Journal of Shanghai Normal University(Natural Sciences)
基金
上海植物种质资源工程技术研究中心项目(17DZ2252700)。
