摘要
节能工作是电动汽车研发的重要课题,电动汽车低温续航性能的重要影响因素除了电池的低温性能以外,环境温度对车辆道路阻力的影响也不容忽视。本文首先对电动汽车低温环境的能耗影响因素进行调研,分析各影响因素对里程衰减率的影响;然后,重点分析环境温度对车辆道路阻力的影响原理,分解为空气阻力、车辆机械阻力两类影响;接着,设计实验,测试不同温度下的车辆机械阻力;最后,对测试结果进行分析,结合UF系数,讨论低温环境下和车辆冷态下的车辆机械阻力测评方法。实验表明,相同环境温度下,示例车辆冷态与热态的机械阻力能耗差异高达0.64kWh/100km,环境温度每降低10℃,示例车辆机械阻力能耗增加0.53kWh/100km。该评价方法替换现有只考虑常温预热后的机械系统阻力方法,可以更全面、更客观地反映实际用户能耗水平,从而找到更合理的整车匹配方案。
Energy saving is an important issue in the research and development of electric vehicles.In addition to the low temperature performance of batteries,the influence of ambient temperature on the road resistance of electric vehicles can not be ignored.Firstly,this paper investigates the energy consumption influencing factors of electric vehicles in low temperature environment,and analyzes the influence of various influencing factors on mileage decay rate;secondly,it focuses on the analysis of the influence principle of environmental temperature on vehicle road resistance,which is divided into two kinds of influence:air resistance and vehicle mechanical resistance;secondly,it designs experiments to test vehicle mechanical resistance under different temperatures;finally,it analyzes the test results Combined with UF coefficient,this paper discusses the evaluation method of vehicle mechanical resistance under low temperature environment and vehicle cold state.The experimental results show that the difference of mechanical resistance between cold state and hot state is as high as 0.64 kwh/100 km under the same ambient temperature,and the energy consumption of mechanical resistance increases by 0.53 kwh/100 km when the ambient temperature decreases by 10 ℃.This evaluation method replaces the existing mechanical system resistance method which only considers the preheating at room temperature,and can reflect the actual user’s energy consumption more comprehensively and objectively,so as to find a more reasonable vehicle matching scheme.
作者
龚春忠
陈燕虎
陈海琴
李鹏
GONG Chun-zhong;CHEN Yan-hu;CHEN Hai-qin;LI Peng(Hozon New Energy Automobile Co.,Ltd.,Jiaxing,Zhejiang 314000,China;College of engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310000,China)
出处
《汽车科技》
2021年第6期37-42,共6页
Auto Sci-Tech
基金
No.51979246,国家自然科学基金。
关键词
道路阻力
车辆冷态阻力
低温续驶里程
UF系数
Road Resistance
Vehicle Cold Resistance
Low Temperature Driving Range
UF Coefficient
