摘要
研究目的:对于经济发展落后、生态环境脆弱的黄土高原地区,铁路建设在驱动区域快速发展的同时,给生态环境带来较大压力。通过对太中银铁路(离石-柳林段)建成前后沿线不同缓冲范围的景观指数与土地利用类型进行对照分析,揭示铁道工程对沿线景观格局的干扰尺度以及干扰范围内的景观生态影响。研究结论:(1)沿线1.5 km范围内是铁路建设的景观生态强干扰区,沿线4 km范围外的区域景观生态格局基本不受铁路建设影响;(2)铁路建设干扰范围内草地和林地类型的景观生态格局会受到强烈破坏,但后期能够得到良好修复;(3)铁路建设是沿线城镇发展的强驱动力,建设用地沿铁道方向扩张聚集,形成干扰范围内的优势斑块,这一过程中建设用地对耕地、水体的侵占会进一步引发耕地对草地的侵占,对区域生态平衡造成一定影响;(4)本研究结论可为黄土高原地区铁路规划与建设过程中的生态环境保护提供科学依据和实践指导。
Research purposes:For the hilly areas of the Loess Plateau,where economic development is backward and the ecological environment is fragile,railway construction has brought greater pressure on the ecological environment while driving rapid regional development.A comparative analysis of landscape indices and land use types along different buffer ranges before and after the completion of the Taiyuan-Zhongwei-Yinchuan Railway(Lishi-Liulin section)reveals the scale of disturbance to the landscape pattern along the railway project and the ecological impact on the landscape within the disturbance range.Research conclusions:(1)1.5 km along the railway line is a strong disturbance of the landscape ecology of the railway construction,and the landscape ecological pattern of the area beyond 4 km along the line is basically unaffected by the railway construction.(2)The landscape ecological pattern of grassland and woodland types within the disturbance area of railway construction will be strongly damaged,but can be well restored at a later stage.(3)Railway construction is a strong driving force for the development of towns along the line,and construction land expands and gathers in the direction of the railway,forming dominant patches within the disturbance area.The encroachment of construction land on arable land and water bodies in this process will further trigger the encroachment of arable land on grassland,which will have a certain impact on the regional ecological balance.(4)The research conclusion can provide a scientific basis and practical guidance for the ecological construction of the Loess Plateau and environmental protection in the railway planning process.
作者
张秦英
雷泽鑫
曹磊
ZHANG Qinying;LEI Zexin;CAO Lei(Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)
出处
《铁道工程学报》
EI
北大核心
2021年第11期97-103,共7页
Journal of Railway Engineering Society
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(51838003)。
关键词
铁路建设
景观格局
干扰尺度
黄土丘陵沟壑区
太中银铁路
railway construction
landscape pattern
disturbance scales
loess hills and gullies area
Taiyuan-Zhongwei-Yinchuan Railway
