摘要
通过对新疆奇台荒漠类草地自然保护区的野外实地考察和植物标本的采集和鉴定,对该地区的植物科属组成及区系特征进行了探究。结果表明:(1)保护区内共有野生维管植物34科92属126种。其中,禾本科Gramineae(15属/18种)、藜科Chenopodiaceae(12/18)、菊科Compositae(9/12)、豆科Leguminosae(9/11)为该区的优势科。(2)从科的属种组成来看,单种科和含2-9种的寡种科在科级结构组成中占比较高(占88.2%);但寡种科和10-19种的多种科其种所含比例最高(占89.7%),是科内种级水平结构的主要成分;单种属是属结构的主要成分(占72.8%)。(3)该区植物生活型较为丰富,有6个类型,以草本植物为主(占73.81%),其次,灌木、半灌木占23.02%,另有乔木和寄生植物各两种(各占1.59%)。植物生态型有4类,其中旱生和中生植物占比最高,分别为39.68%和38.89%,另还有少量盐生植物(15.08%)和湿生植物(6.35%)。(4)该区的地理成分较为复杂,包括9个分布类型和7个变型,温带性质的属共有38属,占该区总属数41.3%,温带成分明显;其次与地中海区、西亚至中亚成分(22属,占23.9%)和中亚成分(5属,占5.4%)有密切联系,且热带成分(5属,占5.4%)及少量的东亚和北美间断成分(1属,占1%)稍有渗入。
Based on the field investigation of Qiitai desert grassland nature reserve in Xinjiang and the collection and identification of plant specimens,the composition and flora characteristics of plants in this area were investigated.The result shows that:(1)There are 126 species of wild vascular plants,belonging to 34 families and 92 genera.Gramineae(15genera/18species),Chenopodiaceae(12/18),Compositae(9/12)and Leguminosae(9/11)are the dominant families in the region.(2)From the perspective of the genus and species composition of the family,the single species and the 2-9 species of oligospecies account for a relatively high proportion(88.2%)in the structure composition of the family.However,the species of oligofamilies and 10-19 species of multiple families have the highest proportion(89.7%),which is the main component of the species-level structure of the family.The single species is the main component of the genus structure(72.8%).(3)There are 6 life forms of plants in this area,herbaceous plants accounting for 73.81%,are the main ones.Secondly,shrubs and semi-shrubs account for 23.02%,and there are two species of arbors and parasitic plants(1.59%each).There are four ecotypes of plants,xerophytes and mesophytes account for the highest proportion(39.68%and 38.89%,respectively),halophytes accounting for 15.08%and hygrophytes accounting for 6.35%.(4)The geographical composition of this region is relatively complex,including 9 distribution types and 7 variants.There are 38 genera of temperate nature,accounting for 41.3%of the total number of genera in this region.It is closely related to Mediterranean,western to central Asian constituents(22 genera,23.9%)and central Asian constituents(5 genera,5.4%),and has certain tropical constituents(5 genera,5.4%)and a small amount of discontinuous distribution in east Asia and North America(1 genus,1%).
作者
张欢
张云玲
张彦才
马占仓
徐文斌
王睿
阎平
ZHANG Huan;ZHANG Yunling;ZHANG Yancai;MA Zhancang;XU Wenbin;WANG Rui;YAN Ping(College of Life Science,Shihezi University,Xinjiang,Shihezi 832003,China;Grassland Station of Uygur Autonomous Region,Xinjiang,Urumqi 830049,China;Grassland Station of Qitai County Natural Resources Bureau,Xinjiang,Qitai 831800,China)
出处
《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第6期727-732,共6页
Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31200156)
新疆维吾尔自治区财政厅“草原建设与保护技术支撑”项目(2018)
国家林业和草原局“退化草原修复治理与技术服务支撑”项目(2019)。
关键词
新疆奇台
荒漠保护区
植物多样性
区系特征
Xinjiang Qitai
desert reserve
plant diversity
floristic characteristics
