摘要
马克思的自然观是实践自然观,是自在自然、人化自然和历史自然的统一,呈现出客观自在性、实践中介性、社会历史性等特征。自在自然时间上的先在性、空间分布的复杂性、生物进化的规律性等决定了其对人类的制约和限制,承认自然的客观自在性是马克思自然观的理论前提。人类实践活动的创造性和“为我”性促成并重构了人化自然,强调主体能动性在“人化自然”生成与发展中的中介作用,是马克思自然观的实践特质;历史就是自然的不断人化和人的不断自然化的过程,自然构成了历史的基础和原点,向自然(自由)的复归也是人类历史的最高目标,历史的自然是马克思自然观的最高价值旨趣。基于理论前提、实践特质和价值指向三个视角对马克思实践自然观进行再考察,对于厘清现代化进程中引发的生态危机问题以及当代生态文明建设实践具有理论指引和现实指导意义。
Marx's view of nature is the view of practical nature,which is the unity of first nature,humanized nature and historical nature,characterized by objectivity,human subjectivity and social historicity.The predominance of time,the complexity of spatial distribution and the regularity of biological evolution of first nature determine its restriction and limitation to human beings.Recognizing the objective freedom of nature is the theoretical premise of Marx's view of nature.The creativeness and the"for me"nature of human practice activities contribute and reconstruct the humanized nature.Emphasizing the intermediary role of people’s subjective initiative in the generation and development of"humanized nature"is the practical characteristic of Marx's view of nature.History is the process of continuous humanization of nature and continuous naturalization of human beings;nature constitutes the basis and origin of history;and the return to nature(freedom)is also the highest goal of human history.The historical nature is the highest value purport of Marx's view of nature.The restudy of Marx's view of nature from three perspectives of theoretical premise,practical characteristics and value orientation has theoretical and practical guiding significance for clarifying the ecological crisis caused by the process of modernization and the construction of contemporary ecological civilization.
作者
李慧芳
LI Huifang(School of Marxism of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510006,China)
出处
《城市学刊》
2022年第1期1-6,共6页
Journal of Urban Studies
基金
广东省教育厅普通高校青年创新人才类项目(2018WQNCX011)
广州市哲学社会科学规划课题(2020GZGJ136)
广东省教育科学规划项目(2020GXJK008)。
关键词
实践特质
自在自然
人化自然
历史自然
practical characteristics
first nature
humanized nature
historical nature
