摘要
将富营养水体治理与硬质河岸改造相结合,能够提高水体与河岸的交互能力,恢复河流生态系统的自净能力。以位于四川省天府新区眉山片区中心城区的柴桑河河段(长度1.5 km,宽度80~100 m,水深约1.85 m)为例,通过铺设护岸专用基料、设置滴灌系统和播撒花草种子对硬质河岸进行生态重建,通过向水体中施用除磷剂、微生物菌剂及采用生态浮床、水车增氧等措施,降低了水体中的氮磷含量,利用太阳能为整个处理系统供能,实现了硬质河岸和富营养水体的综合治理。项目实施后,通过半年的监测和观察,结果表明:柴桑河水体中总磷(TP)、氨氮(NH_(3)-N)、高锰酸盐指数(COD_(Mn))和总氮(TN)含量明显降低,TP和NH_(3)-N由劣Ⅴ类提升至地表水Ⅲ类,COD_(Mn)由劣Ⅴ类提升至地表水Ⅳ类,TN由劣Ⅴ类提升至地表水Ⅴ类;河道内鱼类、藻类、水草的多样性增加,硬质河岸完全被植被覆盖,植物种类达数十种,自然景观恢复,河流生态自净功能显著增强,有利于使水体保持健康稳定。
The combination of eutrophic water treatment and the eco-reconstruction of the hard river bank can improve the interaction between water and river bank,and restore the self-purification ability of river ecosystem.Chaisang River,located in Tianfu New District in Meishan,Sichuan Province,was taken as an example of eutrophic water treatment and bank eco-reconstruction.The treatment section is 1.5km long,80~100m wide,and averagely 1.85m deep,and the river banks were paved with grouted rubbles.Special base material mainly made from rotten sludge was spread on the bank,and drip irrigation pipes were laid,and then plant seeds were sown;the eutrophic water was treated by applying phosphorus removal agent and microbial agent,building ecological floating bed,installing paddlewheel aerator.The whole treatment system is powered by solar photovoltaic cells.After six months of remediation,the contents of total phosphorus(TP),ammonia nitrogen(NH_(3)-N),permanganate index(COD_(Mn))and total nitrogen(TN)decreased significantly,TP and NH_(3)-N changed from water quality standard of inferior classⅤto surface water classⅢ,COD_(Mn) changed from water quality standard of inferior classⅤto surface water classⅣ,and TN changed from water quality standard of inferior classⅤto surface water classⅤ;the diversity of fish,algae and aquatic plants in the river obviously increased;the natural landscape was restored on the hard banks,and the established vegetation contained dozens of plant species.The river ecological self-purification function was significantly enhanced,which is helpful for keeping the water body stably healthy.
作者
张怡
刘本洪
刘蕾
杨春
ZHANG Yi;LIU Benhong;LIU Lei;YANG Chun(College of Architecture and Environment,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)
出处
《环境工程学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第12期3875-3882,共8页
Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51879174)
污水氮磷处理技术合作开发(18H0364)。
关键词
氮磷污染
水体富营养化
硬质河岸
生态重建
河流治理
nitrogen and phosphorus pollution
water eutrophication
hard river banks
eco-reconstruction
river treatment
